Living Conditions Survey (LCS) 
Risk of poverty or social exclusion (Europa 2030 goal) (income from the previous year to the interview)
Risk of poverty or social exclusion (Europe 2030 target) by level of education achieved (persons aged 16 and over).
Unidades: %
	2023	2022	2021	2020	2019	2018	2017	2016	2015	2014	
        Total	
            At-risk-of-poverty or social exclusion rate	25,2	24,9	26,9	26,1	25,3	26,8	26,7	28,1	28	29,2	
        Primary education or lower	
            At-risk-of-poverty or social exclusion rate	36,7	36,1	38,4	38	34,7	37,6	35,1	34,5	33,5	34,9	
        First stage secondary education	
            At-risk-of-poverty or social exclusion rate	33,5	31,5	34,4	33,4	32,8	34,7	35,3	38,3	38,9	39,6	
        Second stage secondary education	
            At-risk-of-poverty or social exclusion rate	25,7	25,4	27,2	26,3	24	26,1	25,6	26,5	27	27,6	
        Higher education	
            At-risk-of-poverty or social exclusion rate	13,3	14,1	14,9	13,5	13,4	12,6	13,1	14,5	13,6	15,2	
        No data recorded	
            At-risk-of-poverty or social exclusion rate	29,8	24,3	37,8	0	30,2	..	..	29	5,3	47,4	
Notas:
In the Living Conditions Survey, the inputs used for the calculation of variables such as income and at-risk-of-poverty rate always correspond to the previous year.
Educational level attained: 
Primary education or lower: This includes illiterate persons

First-stage secondary education: This includes training and equivalent labour insertion

Second-stage secondary education: This includes training and equivalent labour insertion (including that which requires a second-stage secondary education qualification)

Higher education: This includes training and equivalent labour insertion
The population at risk of poverty or social exclusion is that which is in one of these situations:

- At risk of poverty (60% of the median income per consumption unit). 

- With severe material deprivation (with deprivation in at least 4 concepts from a list of 9).

- In households without employment, or with low employment intensity (households in which the members of working age did so for less than 20% of their work potential during the reference year). 

Fuente: