Level of education attained Rate of risk of poverty or social exclusion (Europe 2030 goal) (and its components) Periodo Total Total At-risk-of-poverty or social exclusion rate 2023 25,2 Total At-risk-of-poverty or social exclusion rate 2022 24,9 Total At-risk-of-poverty or social exclusion rate 2021 26,9 Total At-risk-of-poverty or social exclusion rate 2020 26,1 Total At-risk-of-poverty or social exclusion rate 2019 25,3 Total At-risk-of-poverty or social exclusion rate 2018 26,8 Total At-risk-of-poverty or social exclusion rate 2017 26,7 Total At-risk-of-poverty or social exclusion rate 2016 28,1 Total At-risk-of-poverty or social exclusion rate 2015 28 Total At-risk-of-poverty or social exclusion rate 2014 29,2 Primary education or lower At-risk-of-poverty or social exclusion rate 2023 36,7 Primary education or lower At-risk-of-poverty or social exclusion rate 2022 36,1 Primary education or lower At-risk-of-poverty or social exclusion rate 2021 38,4 Primary education or lower At-risk-of-poverty or social exclusion rate 2020 38 Primary education or lower At-risk-of-poverty or social exclusion rate 2019 34,7 Primary education or lower At-risk-of-poverty or social exclusion rate 2018 37,6 Primary education or lower At-risk-of-poverty or social exclusion rate 2017 35,1 Primary education or lower At-risk-of-poverty or social exclusion rate 2016 34,5 Primary education or lower At-risk-of-poverty or social exclusion rate 2015 33,5 Primary education or lower At-risk-of-poverty or social exclusion rate 2014 34,9 First stage secondary education At-risk-of-poverty or social exclusion rate 2023 33,5 First stage secondary education At-risk-of-poverty or social exclusion rate 2022 31,5 First stage secondary education At-risk-of-poverty or social exclusion rate 2021 34,4 First stage secondary education At-risk-of-poverty or social exclusion rate 2020 33,4 First stage secondary education At-risk-of-poverty or social exclusion rate 2019 32,8 First stage secondary education At-risk-of-poverty or social exclusion rate 2018 34,7 First stage secondary education At-risk-of-poverty or social exclusion rate 2017 35,3 First stage secondary education At-risk-of-poverty or social exclusion rate 2016 38,3 First stage secondary education At-risk-of-poverty or social exclusion rate 2015 38,9 First stage secondary education At-risk-of-poverty or social exclusion rate 2014 39,6 Second stage secondary education At-risk-of-poverty or social exclusion rate 2023 25,7 Second stage secondary education At-risk-of-poverty or social exclusion rate 2022 25,4 Second stage secondary education At-risk-of-poverty or social exclusion rate 2021 27,2 Second stage secondary education At-risk-of-poverty or social exclusion rate 2020 26,3 Second stage secondary education At-risk-of-poverty or social exclusion rate 2019 24 Second stage secondary education At-risk-of-poverty or social exclusion rate 2018 26,1 Second stage secondary education At-risk-of-poverty or social exclusion rate 2017 25,6 Second stage secondary education At-risk-of-poverty or social exclusion rate 2016 26,5 Second stage secondary education At-risk-of-poverty or social exclusion rate 2015 27 Second stage secondary education At-risk-of-poverty or social exclusion rate 2014 27,6 Higher education At-risk-of-poverty or social exclusion rate 2023 13,3 Higher education At-risk-of-poverty or social exclusion rate 2022 14,1 Higher education At-risk-of-poverty or social exclusion rate 2021 14,9 Higher education At-risk-of-poverty or social exclusion rate 2020 13,5 Higher education At-risk-of-poverty or social exclusion rate 2019 13,4 Higher education At-risk-of-poverty or social exclusion rate 2018 12,6 Higher education At-risk-of-poverty or social exclusion rate 2017 13,1 Higher education At-risk-of-poverty or social exclusion rate 2016 14,5 Higher education At-risk-of-poverty or social exclusion rate 2015 13,6 Higher education At-risk-of-poverty or social exclusion rate 2014 15,2 No data recorded At-risk-of-poverty or social exclusion rate 2023 29,8 No data recorded At-risk-of-poverty or social exclusion rate 2022 24,3 No data recorded At-risk-of-poverty or social exclusion rate 2021 37,8 No data recorded At-risk-of-poverty or social exclusion rate 2020 0 No data recorded At-risk-of-poverty or social exclusion rate 2019 30,2 No data recorded At-risk-of-poverty or social exclusion rate 2018 .. No data recorded At-risk-of-poverty or social exclusion rate 2017 .. No data recorded At-risk-of-poverty or social exclusion rate 2016 29 No data recorded At-risk-of-poverty or social exclusion rate 2015 5,3 No data recorded At-risk-of-poverty or social exclusion rate 2014 47,4