Economically Active Population Survey
National results
Self-employed (1), according to the main reason for becoming self-employed, by sex and professional status
Units: Absolutes values (thousands) and percentages

	Total		Self-employed with employees		Self-employed without employees (includes members of cooperative)		
	absolute value	percentage	absolute value	percentage	absolute value	percentage	
Both sexes	
    Total	3,042.2	100.00	1,030.6	100.00	2,011.6	100.00	
    Could not find a job as an employee	377.9	12.42	75.8	7.35	302.1	15.02	
    The respondent's former employer requested the respondent to become self-employed	43.4	1.43	10.6	1.02	32.8	1.63	
    It is the usual practice in the respondent's field	413.0	13.58	109.5	10.63	303.5	15.09	
    A suitable opportunity presented itself	685.7	22.54	297.7	28.88	388.0	19.29	
    Continued the family business	704.6	23.16	275.2	26.70	429.4	21.35	
    Did not want to or plan to become self-employed, but started working as self-employed for another reason than listed previously	180.8	5.94	52.4	5.08	128.5	6.39	
    Wanted to be self-employed because of flexible working hours	163.2	5.36	42.0	4.07	121.2	6.02	
    Wanted to be self-employed for other reason	389.9	12.82	143.3	13.90	246.6	12.26	
    No answer/Don't know	83.7	2.75	24.3	2.36	59.4	2.95	
Men	
    Total	2,027.0	100.00	716.3	100.00	1,310.7	100.00	
    Could not find a job as an employee	248.2	12.25	51.0	7.12	197.2	15.04	
    The respondent's former employer requested the respondent to become self-employed	27.2	1.34	6.9	0.96	20.3	1.55	
    It is the usual practice in the respondent's field	258.0	12.73	74.5	10.40	183.5	14.00	
    A suitable opportunity presented itself	448.7	22.14	210.4	29.38	238.3	18.18	
    Continued the family business	492.5	24.30	195.4	27.28	297.2	22.67	
    Did not want to or plan to become self-employed, but started working as self-employed for another reason than listed previously	110.8	5.47	30.6	4.27	80.2	6.12	
    Wanted to be self-employed because of flexible working hours	105.5	5.20	22.4	3.12	83.1	6.34	
    Wanted to be self-employed for other reason	277.6	13.69	107.8	15.05	169.8	12.95	
    No answer/Don't know	58.5	2.89	17.3	2.42	41.2	3.14	
Women	
    Total	1,015.2	100.00	314.3	100.00	700.9	100.00	
    Could not find a job as an employee	129.7	12.78	24.8	7.88	104.9	14.97	
    The respondent's former employer requested the respondent to become self-employed	16.2	1.60	3.7	1.17	12.5	1.79	
    It is the usual practice in the respondent's field	155.0	15.27	35.0	11.14	120.0	17.12	
    A suitable opportunity presented itself	237.0	23.34	87.3	27.76	149.7	21.36	
    Continued the family business	212.1	20.89	79.8	25.40	132.3	18.87	
    Did not want to or plan to become self-employed, but started working as self-employed for another reason than listed previously	70.0	6.90	21.8	6.93	48.3	6.88	
    Wanted to be self-employed because of flexible working hours	57.7	5.68	19.6	6.23	38.1	5.44	
    Wanted to be self-employed for other reason	112.3	11.06	35.5	11.29	76.8	10.96	
    No answer/Don't know	25.2	2.48	6.9	2.21	18.2	2.60	
Notes:
1) Employed people 16 years and over, whose professional status are self-employed with employees or self-employed  without employees. The latter includes members of cooperative. Due to calibration procedure applied to the annual  subsample, the categories of self-employed figures differ from the ones obtained as annual averages of the four  quarters of the year.
Source: INE