Economically Active Population Survey
National results
Self-employed (1), according to the main reason for becoming self-employed, by sex and professional status
Units: Absolutes values (thousands) and percentages

,Total,,Self-employed with employees,,Self-employed without employees (includes members of cooperative),,
,absolute value,percentage,absolute value,percentage,absolute value,percentage,
Both sexes,
    Total,3,042.2,100.00,1,030.6,100.00,2,011.6,100.00,
    Could not find a job as an employee,377.9,12.42,75.8,7.35,302.1,15.02,
    The respondent's former employer requested the respondent to become self-employed,43.4,1.43,10.6,1.02,32.8,1.63,
    It is the usual practice in the respondent's field,413.0,13.58,109.5,10.63,303.5,15.09,
    A suitable opportunity presented itself,685.7,22.54,297.7,28.88,388.0,19.29,
    Continued the family business,704.6,23.16,275.2,26.70,429.4,21.35,
    Did not want to or plan to become self-employed, but started working as self-employed for another reason than listed previously,180.8,5.94,52.4,5.08,128.5,6.39,
    Wanted to be self-employed because of flexible working hours,163.2,5.36,42.0,4.07,121.2,6.02,
    Wanted to be self-employed for other reason,389.9,12.82,143.3,13.90,246.6,12.26,
    No answer/Don't know,83.7,2.75,24.3,2.36,59.4,2.95,
Men,
    Total,2,027.0,100.00,716.3,100.00,1,310.7,100.00,
    Could not find a job as an employee,248.2,12.25,51.0,7.12,197.2,15.04,
    The respondent's former employer requested the respondent to become self-employed,27.2,1.34,6.9,0.96,20.3,1.55,
    It is the usual practice in the respondent's field,258.0,12.73,74.5,10.40,183.5,14.00,
    A suitable opportunity presented itself,448.7,22.14,210.4,29.38,238.3,18.18,
    Continued the family business,492.5,24.30,195.4,27.28,297.2,22.67,
    Did not want to or plan to become self-employed, but started working as self-employed for another reason than listed previously,110.8,5.47,30.6,4.27,80.2,6.12,
    Wanted to be self-employed because of flexible working hours,105.5,5.20,22.4,3.12,83.1,6.34,
    Wanted to be self-employed for other reason,277.6,13.69,107.8,15.05,169.8,12.95,
    No answer/Don't know,58.5,2.89,17.3,2.42,41.2,3.14,
Women,
    Total,1,015.2,100.00,314.3,100.00,700.9,100.00,
    Could not find a job as an employee,129.7,12.78,24.8,7.88,104.9,14.97,
    The respondent's former employer requested the respondent to become self-employed,16.2,1.60,3.7,1.17,12.5,1.79,
    It is the usual practice in the respondent's field,155.0,15.27,35.0,11.14,120.0,17.12,
    A suitable opportunity presented itself,237.0,23.34,87.3,27.76,149.7,21.36,
    Continued the family business,212.1,20.89,79.8,25.40,132.3,18.87,
    Did not want to or plan to become self-employed, but started working as self-employed for another reason than listed previously,70.0,6.90,21.8,6.93,48.3,6.88,
    Wanted to be self-employed because of flexible working hours,57.7,5.68,19.6,6.23,38.1,5.44,
    Wanted to be self-employed for other reason,112.3,11.06,35.5,11.29,76.8,10.96,
    No answer/Don't know,25.2,2.48,6.9,2.21,18.2,2.60,
Notes:
1) Employed people 16 years and over, whose professional status are self-employed with employees or self-employed  without employees. The latter includes members of cooperative. Due to calibration procedure applied to the annual  subsample, the categories of self-employed figures differ from the ones obtained as annual averages of the four  quarters of the year.
Source: INE