Statistics on R&D Activities in the Business Sector 1964-2021 Series. Results based on Legal Units Personnel employed in intramural R&D, in head count and in FTE, by years and type of indicator Unidades: specified in the variables Personnel Total: Number of persons Personnel Total: Persons in FTE Personnel Total: Persons in FTE (annual growth rate) Personnel Total: Persons in FTE (per thousand with respect to the employed population) Researchers: Number of persons Researchers: Researchers in FTE Researchers: Researchers in FTE (annual growth rate) Researchers: Researchers in FTE (per thousand with respect to the employed population) 2021 398.862 249.647,8 1,08 12,6 255.409 154.146,8 1,06 7,8 2020 378.296 231.769,1 1 12,1 244.187 145.371,5 1,01 7,6 2019 377.862 231.413,3 1,03 11,7 241.372 143.973,9 1,03 7,3 2018 369.291 225.696,4 1,05 11,7 234.798 140.120,1 1,05 7,2 2017 354.333 215.744,5 1,05 11,5 225.995 133.213,2 1,05 7,1 2016 341.809 205.872,9 1,02 11,2 218.680 126.633,4 1,03 6,9 2015 338.179 200.865,8 1 11,2 214.227 122.437 1 6,9 2014 332.871 200.232,6 0,98 11,5 210.104 122.235,4 0,99 7 2013(**) 333.134 203.302 0,97 11,9 208.767 123.224,7 0,97 7,2 2013 333.134 203.302 0,97 12,1 208.767 123.224,7 0,97 7,4 2012 342.901 208.831 0,97 12,1 215.544 126.778 0,97 7,3 2011 353.911 215.079 0,97 11,9 220.254 130.235 0,97 7,2 2010 360.229 222.022 1,01 12 224.000 134.653 1,01 7,3 2009 358.803 220.777,3 1,02 11,7 221.314 133.803,4 1,02 7,1 2008 352.611 215.676,4 1,07 10,6 217.716 130.986,3 1,07 6,5 2007 331.192 201.108,2 1,06 9,9 206.190 122.624,1 1,06 6 2006 309.893 188.977,6 1,08 9,6 193.024 115.798,4 1,06 5,9 2005 282.804 174.772,9 1,08 9,2 181.023 109.720,3 1,09 5,8 2004 267.943 161.933 1,07 9 169.970 100.994 1,09 5,6 2003 249.969 151.487,4 1,13 8,8 158.566 92.522,7 1,11 5,3 2002 232.019 134.258 1,03 7,7 150.098 83.318 1,02 4,8 2001(*) 218.414 130.353 .. 7,2 143.332 81.669 .. 4,5 2001 209.011 125.750 1,04 6,9 140.407 80.081 1,04 4,4 2000 .. 120.618 1,18 6,8 .. 76.670 1,25 4,3 1999 178.189 102.238 1,05 5,9 116.595 61.568 1,02 3,6 1998 .. 97.098 1,11 5,7 .. 60.269 1,12 3,5 1997 155.117 87.150 1 5,2 103.905 53.883 1,04 3,2 1996 .. 87.264 1,09 5,3 .. 51.633 1,09 3,1 1995 147.046 79.987 0,99 4,9 100.070 47.342 0,99 2,9 1994 .. 80.399 1,06 5 .. 47.867 1,1 3 1993 121.098 75.734 1,03 4,8 80.113 43.367 1,04 2,7 1992 118.749 73.320 1,01 4,7 77.430 41.681 1,03 2,7 1991 108.594 72.406 1,04 4,6 73.551 40.642 1,08 2,6 1990 101.546 69.684 1,1 4,5 66.582 37.676 1,14 2,4 1989 92.390 63.155 1,15 4,1 59.592 32.914 1,06 2,2 1988 87.066 54.807 1,13 3,6 56.261 31.170 1,18 2,1 1987 77.022 48.486 1,07 3,3 49.007 26.463 1,08 1,8 1986 70.122 45.261 1,11 3,2 45.255 24.525 1,14 1,7 1985 63.109 40.654 1,03 2,9 40.848 21.455 1,05 1,5 1984 61.074 39.287 1,09 2,8 39.607 20.506 1,05 1,5 1983 57.321 36.171 1,02 2,6 38.175 19.453 1,04 1,4 1982 56.472 35.531 0,98 2,6 37.122 18.782 0,97 1,4 1981 55.297 36.221 1,02 2,7 36.564 19.268 1,05 1,4 Notas: FTE: Full-time equivalent The years 1994, 1996 and 1998 are estimates. The data for the years 2001(*) onwards include continuous and occasional R&D. As of 1995, the PNP sector is included in 'Total personnel' and 'Researchers' Since 2013 (**): Population base change in EPA estimates. '...'= data not available '.'=numeric data equal to zero not resulting from rounding ~'indicator type,Total personnel: Persons in FTE (per thousand with respect to the employed population)'~Until 2002, the percentage per thousand was calculated with respect to the Active Population ~'indicator type,Researchers: Researchers at FTE (so much per thousand with respect to the employed population)'~Until 2002, the percentage per thousand was calculated with respect to the Active Population Fuente: National Statistics Institute