Cuentas Medioambientales: Cuenta de Flujos de Materiales Flujos directos de materiales Extracción nacional por tipo de material y años. Unidades: Toneladas 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 (avance) EXTRACCION NACIONAL 661.570.195 546.191.359 481.591.937 423.998.796 328.933.136 315.911.817 314.575.468 327.792.034 329.764.311 331.022.460 372.642.682 361.748.429 371.811.870 379.120.104 350.342.661 1. Biomasa 131.147.646 120.458.921 124.346.372 128.217.594 112.336.143 132.662.809 125.458.455 125.171.605 133.776.163 119.898.277 139.238.681 124.586.539 135.372.050 135.794.092 117.875.849 1.1. Cultivos primarios 66.847.935 62.218.384 64.307.938 67.490.482 56.526.921 72.765.349 66.054.099 66.381.977 71.637.836 63.085.628 75.893.393 65.796.290 73.042.336 73.794.492 60.300.741 1.1.1. Cereales 24.160.068 17.884.219 19.880.065 22.094.521 17.543.823 25.374.359 20.596.940 20.140.943 24.114.796 16.658.841 24.481.575 19.924.629 24.411.768 24.648.026 .. 1.1.2. Raices y tubérculos 2.181.490 2.752.155 2.326.654 2.481.823 2.219.718 2.210.085 2.579.945 2.323.530 2.305.549 2.310.131 2.079.641 2.366.097 2.164.461 2.175.091 .. 1.1.3. Cultivos azucareros 4.170.832 4.225.433 3.534.737 4.188.635 3.460.515 2.519.872 3.723.759 3.605.592 3.014.838 3.293.850 2.871.998 2.753.841 2.433.333 2.507.353 .. 1.1.4. Leguminosas 249.985 285.879 515.802 520.280 324.471 503.069 450.507 503.331 647.720 476.139 670.719 391.483 555.232 431.796 .. 1.1.5. Frutos secos 372.216 456.262 424.680 417.592 396.162 347.337 390.104 409.813 390.609 433.889 555.284 572.420 647.360 602.623 .. 1.1.6. Cultivos oleaginosos 6.398.582 7.887.913 8.178.124 9.053.341 4.560.346 10.466.259 5.734.286 8.353.251 8.095.568 7.643.785 11.053.552 6.986.317 9.313.570 9.338.828 .. 1.1.7. Hortalizas 11.240.858 12.194.112 11.439.029 11.334.307 11.528.746 11.474.635 11.240.858 13.040.742 13.714.222 13.775.733 13.235.355 14.005.869 13.334.619 14.358.118 .. 1.1.8. Frutas 17.659.497 16.121.115 17.532.628 16.901.904 15.997.530 19.430.716 17.659.497 17.536.785 18.879.813 17.946.184 20.403.907 18.208.966 19.648.269 19.174.232 .. 1.1.9. Fibras 55.734 79.267 115.110 182.782 190.721 145.386 224.821 185.616 165.961 199.378 213.341 210.303 169.385 176.091 .. 1.1.10. Otros cultivos 358.673 332.029 361.109 315.297 304.889 293.631 338.740 282.374 308.760 347.698 328.021 376.365 364.339 382.334 .. 1.2. Residuos de cultivos usados, cultivos forrajeros y biomasa pastada 52.084.905 48.107.067 49.167.361 49.820.924 45.421.606 48.623.853 47.382.382 46.572.902 50.367.971 44.647.766 49.927.944 46.587.354 51.060.808 49.621.940 45.168.132 1.2.1. Residuos de cultivos usados 12.607.183 9.837.375 11.862.739 13.188.678 10.316.268 13.611.153 12.024.399 11.559.827 14.230.309 9.752.083 14.059.636 11.296.070 14.836.357 13.557.339 .. 1.2.1.1. Paja 11.481.103 8.696.508 10.908.419 12.057.774 9.382.006 12.930.893 11.019.106 10.586.447 13.416.432 8.863.040 13.284.491 10.552.839 14.179.489 12.880.640 .. 1.2.1.2. Otros residuos de cultivos 1.126.080 1.140.867 954.320 1.130.904 934.262 680.260 1.005.293 973.380 813.877 889.043 775.145 743.231 656.868 676.699 .. 1.2.2. Cultivos forrajeros y biomasa pastada 39.477.722 38.269.692 37.304.622 36.632.246 35.105.338 35.012.700 35.357.983 35.013.075 36.137.662 34.895.683 35.868.308 35.291.284 36.224.451 36.064.601 .. 1.2.2.1. Cultivos forrajeros 9.432.024 7.979.270 8.407.611 8.095.844 7.804.774 8.530.350 8.573.931 7.744.242 8.520.272 6.935.279 8.007.759 7.465.211 8.133.613 8.226.880 .. 1.2.2.2. Biomasa pastada 30.045.698 30.290.422 28.897.011 28.536.402 27.300.564 26.482.350 26.784.052 27.268.833 27.617.390 27.960.404 27.860.549 27.826.073 28.090.838 27.837.721 .. 1.3. Madera 11.136.846 9.227.248 9.891.800 9.856.638 9.394.677 10.064.954 10.590.851 11.062.326 10.664.580 11.047.522 12.298.730 11.152.144 10.331.745 11.455.603 11.490.849 1.3.1. Madera en bruto 9.702.691 8.038.130 7.446.887 7.885.039 7.852.903 8.348.617 8.736.806 9.222.346 9.463.713 9.825.915 10.981.479 9.981.544 8.881.403 9.971.545 .. 1.3.2. Leña y otras extracciones 1.434.155 1.189.118 2.444.913 1.971.599 1.541.774 1.716.337 1.854.045 1.839.980 1.200.867 1.221.607 1.317.251 1.170.600 1.450.342 1.484.058 .. M1.3. Incremento neto de masa forestal en pie .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 1.4. Captura de peces, plantas/animales acuáticos, caza y recolección 1.077.960 906.221 979.272 1.049.549 992.939 1.208.653 1.431.123 1.154.400 1.105.776 1.117.361 1.118.614 1.050.751 937.161 922.057 916.127 1.4.1. Peces capturados 825.170 657.125 704.006 790.128 742.702 930.488 1.143.742 888.068 848.234 875.760 861.519 827.634 731.949 696.354 .. 1.4.2. Resto de animales y plantas acuáticos 64.764 72.699 66.516 71.924 72.326 83.777 94.653 76.743 56.139 64.307 55.737 49.838 55.532 55.822 .. 1.4.3. Caza y recolección 188.025 176.397 208.750 187.497 177.911 194.388 192.728 189.589 201.403 177.294 201.358 173.279 149.680 169.881 .. 2. Minerales metálicos (mineral en bruto) 1.960.162 4.031.846 6.783.105 3.601.337 4.836.220 6.041.172 6.537.180 7.467.387 13.709.770 14.354.869 19.357.207 18.334.261 21.832.283 20.805.797 18.548.154 2.1. Minerales de hierro 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 71.728 0 2.2. Minerales metálicos no férreos 1.960.162 4.031.846 6.783.105 3.601.337 4.836.220 6.041.172 6.537.180 7.467.387 13.709.770 14.354.869 19.357.207 18.334.261 21.832.283 20.734.069 18.548.154 2.2.1. Cobre 834.202 2.957.512 4.471.318 2.138.169 3.477.386 4.052.045 4.531.566 4.935.268 9.312.436 10.525.269 11.849.307 11.188.329 13.594.913 11.571.609 .. M.2.2.1. Cobre (contenido de metal) 7.067 23.058 50.830 74.247 99.884 102.977 104.476 121.521 167.736 198.353 187.714 170.556 182.678 142.381 .. 2.2.2. Níquel 959.798 985.852 736.348 0 387.192 976.217 945.969 693.522 0 0 0 0 0 0 .. M.2.2.2. Níquel (contenido de metal) 8.131 8.035 5.402 0 2.397 7.564 8.652 7.208 0 0 0 0 0 0 .. 2.2.3. Plomo 0 230 22.118 212.804 99.005 61.000 40.658 54.103 261.962 164.705 602.543 719.802 825.222 853.728 .. M.2.2.3. Plomo (contenido de metal) 0 52 379 7.813 3.763 2.160 1.223 1.598 4.946 3.268 9.936 11.390 11.397 10.965 .. 2.2.4. Zinc 0 0 1.445.469 917.413 753.367 859.312 889.500 1.666.286 4.043.411 3.550.690 6.449.447 5.749.566 6.543.271 7.044.795 .. M.2.2.4. Zinc (contenido de metal) 0 0 17.358 33.199 28.634 30.428 26.756 49.216 76.342 70.451 106.352 90.980 90.368 90.481 .. 2.2.5. Estaño 27.572 30.786 24.782 20.617 20.779 0 0 0 1.042 8.752 358.500 442.354 683.719 944.130 .. M.2.2.5. Estaño (contenido de metal) 4 0 0 9 69 0 0 0 7 23 81 101 115 255 .. 2.2.6. Minerales de oro, plata y metales preciosos 0 0 34 215.232 1.803 1.625 1.410 1.443 5.320 5.790 6.904 6.237 7.623 7.643 .. M.2.2.6. Minerales de oro, plata y metales preciosos (contenido de metal) 0 0 0 10 10 12 9 10 76 84 90 79 94 82 .. 2.2.7. Minerales de bauxita y otros minerales de aluminio 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .. M.2.2.7. Minerales de bauxita y otros minerales de aluminio (contenido de metal) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .. 2.2.8. Minerales de uranio y torio 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .. M.2.2.8. Minerales de uranio y torio (contenido de metal) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .. 2.2.9. Otros minerales metálicos 138.590 57.466 83.035 97.102 96.688 90.972 128.077 116.765 85.599 99.663 90.506 227.973 177.535 312.164 .. M.2.2.9. Otros minerales metálicos (contenido de metal) 66.319 27.703 39.922 46.755 46.629 44.020 62.145 56.765 41.723 48.263 44.262 77.988 58.485 135.356 .. 3. Minerales no metálicos 518.010.304 412.070.799 341.794.085 285.321.577 205.315.744 172.305.806 178.332.290 191.791.652 180.187.121 193.559.657 211.379.797 218.598.030 214.455.645 222.397.620 213.803.227 3.1. Piedras de construcción u ornamentales (excl. Pizarra) 69.383.154 60.202.550 50.879.201 40.985.466 30.782.077 23.751.520 26.120.610 28.320.370 25.596.341 27.058.936 29.759.926 29.062.727 27.588.786 27.833.718 26.750.914 3.1.1. Arenisca 2.814.051 3.186.478 2.738.964 2.294.147 1.585.676 1.912.423 1.440.987 1.625.579 1.325.878 1.098.586 1.181.500 1.617.625 1.843.397 1.854.667 .. 3.1.2. Basalto 2.757.970 2.703.071 2.352.444 1.918.920 1.280.633 1.055.494 1.302.951 1.478.754 1.097.648 1.132.697 1.231.751 1.724.194 1.406.956 1.251.884 .. 3.1.3. Fonolita 1.368.095 1.010.600 1.017.885 612.355 618.622 309.940 548.400 582.485 787.525 690.500 891.015 774.224 752.387 964.100 .. 3.1.4. Granito 25.010.794 22.235.703 18.300.711 14.967.176 10.713.786 8.874.151 8.516.767 9.042.596 8.664.348 8.784.142 9.125.661 9.135.144 8.575.443 9.203.927 .. 3.1.5. Margas 12.561.236 8.999.995 8.316.357 5.937.041 5.581.466 4.473.241 5.121.418 5.294.725 5.177.631 5.317.620 6.338.065 5.116.857 4.706.593 4.990.671 .. 3.1.6. Marmol 3.751.205 2.636.577 2.369.653 2.825.563 2.396.731 2.087.231 1.889.920 2.493.489 2.472.405 2.662.137 2.629.753 2.272.552 2.471.875 2.214.762 .. 3.1.7. Ofita 3.758.752 5.181.046 3.658.465 2.398.074 1.519.719 1.141.103 1.898.578 2.067.521 1.125.587 1.252.012 1.279.699 1.135.975 1.355.243 1.625.338 .. 3.1.8. Pórfidos 3.789.009 2.682.290 2.028.347 2.094.898 1.468.437 922.147 992.277 645.374 737.255 1.293.362 1.235.910 1.261.621 1.796.118 862.462 .. 3.1.9. Serpentina y dunita 1.434.671 1.660.555 1.469.999 1.237.209 870.542 796.103 676.471 706.503 692.495 681.735 898.724 824.843 742.831 904.961 .. 3.1.10. Otras 12.137.371 9.906.235 8.626.376 6.700.083 4.746.465 2.179.687 3.732.841 4.383.344 3.515.569 4.146.145 4.947.848 5.199.692 3.937.943 3.960.946 .. 3.2. Creta y dolomía 18.334.549 14.586.961 14.006.313 11.606.509 7.570.876 5.552.205 5.517.835 7.488.280 6.709.660 8.104.801 9.220.966 9.679.249 10.088.208 12.109.620 11.739.523 3.2.1. Creta 939.450 743.498 796.031 664.709 644.970 662.692 658.761 692.364 693.893 701.238 733.342 732.351 750.225 786.483 .. 3.2.2. Dolomía 17.395.099 13.843.463 13.210.282 10.941.800 6.925.906 4.889.513 4.859.074 6.795.916 6.015.767 7.403.563 8.487.624 8.946.898 9.337.983 11.323.137 .. 3.3. Pizarra 1.821.808 1.026.642 946.867 1.058.596 1.002.164 969.494 1.293.071 1.141.806 1.195.192 1.346.663 1.165.806 1.271.129 1.534.474 1.247.919 1.261.996 3.4. Minerales para fertilizantes y químicos 4.406.811 4.104.206 3.690.318 3.819.285 4.032.146 3.764.148 3.932.229 5.125.947 5.133.729 4.198.518 5.095.351 5.323.922 4.152.077 3.419.803 2.787.462 3.4.1. Baritina 11.100 5.212 2.050 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .. 3.4.2. Cloruro potásico 788.253 802.424 857.036 867.591 1.054.129 1.185.454 1.177.774 1.113.265 1.112.041 929.113 1.005.994 866.073 586.530 626.298 .. 3.4.3. Espato-f ácido 127.300 111.810 126.730 109.284 101.000 96.810 120.582 130.647 130.131 125.870 145.428 130.988 142.256 143.523 .. 3.4.4. Espato-f metalúrgico 5.506 4.238 3.787 5.410 3.000 5.400 5.800 24.635 11.997 12.622 19.009 5.533 13.173 13.013 .. 3.4.5. Espato-fluor cerámico 15.930 6.485 1.824 2.639 9.570 26.302 8.911 2.204 20.861 16.439 11.751 8.664 30.529 30.689 .. 3.4.6. Oxidos de hierro 112.218 45.520 29.808 92.122 70.618 71.948 70.270 112.404 160.635 180.967 186.838 237.648 129.440 141.568 .. 3.4.7. Pirita 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .. 3.4.8. Sales potásicas 3.346.504 3.128.517 2.669.083 2.742.239 2.793.829 2.378.234 2.548.892 3.742.792 3.698.064 2.933.507 3.726.331 4.075.016 3.250.149 2.464.712 .. 3.5. Sal 4.302.728 3.540.849 4.451.302 5.119.165 4.542.304 4.976.226 4.976.301 5.185.088 5.151.892 4.734.662 5.335.874 5.179.236 4.423.696 4.975.681 4.505.372 3.5.1. Sal gema 2.909.907 2.102.207 3.115.940 3.711.776 3.219.601 3.640.385 3.460.466 3.627.952 3.852.408 3.468.697 4.023.490 3.932.862 3.247.059 3.680.859 .. 3.5.2. Sal manantial 102.149 99.853 92.644 92.860 100.643 114.829 157.188 154.464 99.815 97.844 117.872 112.179 119.298 126.151 .. 3.5.3. Sal marina 1.290.672 1.338.789 1.242.718 1.314.529 1.222.060 1.221.012 1.358.647 1.402.672 1.199.669 1.168.121 1.194.512 1.134.195 1.057.339 1.168.671 .. 3.6. Piedra caliza y yeso 256.995.809 204.711.618 169.441.702 139.024.826 97.259.778 81.802.332 83.800.133 90.550.685 85.238.416 91.021.562 96.928.878 104.138.875 101.392.693 108.089.971 104.348.739 3.6.1. Piedra caliza 245.226.902 196.530.203 162.451.453 131.199.079 90.899.855 74.413.633 76.875.013 83.146.918 76.302.052 81.476.334 86.335.822 92.859.432 88.016.340 93.460.821 .. 3.6.2. Yeso 11.768.907 8.181.415 6.990.249 7.825.747 6.359.923 7.388.699 6.925.120 7.403.767 8.936.364 9.545.228 10.593.056 11.279.443 13.376.353 14.629.150 .. 3.7. Arcillas y caolín 25.102.912 14.720.349 13.840.403 11.648.148 10.078.398 9.519.579 10.019.193 10.789.952 11.093.583 11.389.480 11.060.432 10.814.304 11.206.268 11.413.400 10.991.192 3.7.1. Arcilla refractaria 214.495 175.377 289.316 343.305 189.291 385.299 516.071 459.717 1.068.498 1.040.031 1.156.958 1.166.479 1.538.067 1.596.343 .. 3.7.2. Attapulgita 27.348 21.110 27.841 26.021 23.537 26.764 26.798 26.188 28.809 58.952 28.021 30.348 30.653 33.008 .. 3.7.3. Bentonita 154.534 147.090 157.001 110.731 96.605 102.726 105.627 100.604 155.038 177.565 178.463 160.477 205.773 171.572 .. 3.7.4. Caolín bruto 344.081 237.607 312.150 277.408 455.837 679.870 659.542 640.056 701.522 569.755 401.000 219.294 213.036 510.352 .. 3.7.5. Caolín lavado 355.739 270.298 310.993 384.179 402.251 410.717 344.414 391.960 347.258 475.074 474.462 267.602 274.137 303.743 .. 3.7.6. Sepiolita 737.659 573.937 557.862 566.270 622.372 599.852 555.581 524.915 518.699 482.550 698.058 595.448 531.660 574.439 .. 3.7.7. Arcillas comunes 23.269.056 13.294.930 12.185.240 9.940.234 8.288.505 7.314.351 7.811.160 8.646.512 8.273.759 8.585.553 8.123.470 8.374.656 8.412.942 8.223.943 .. 3.8. Arenas y grava 125.714.625 100.842.592 77.250.219 64.837.001 43.992.382 36.095.843 37.074.381 37.549.923 34.840.216 40.163.289 47.461.182 47.818.995 48.590.930 47.966.612 46.442.825 3.8.1. Arenas y grava 119.060.771 95.820.276 72.148.171 59.731.325 40.576.272 32.552.584 33.578.798 34.074.265 31.031.517 36.115.811 42.642.374 43.922.287 44.595.498 43.240.879 .. 3.8.2. Sílice y arenas silíceas 6.653.854 5.022.316 5.102.048 5.105.676 3.416.110 3.543.259 3.495.583 3.475.658 3.808.699 4.047.478 4.818.808 3.896.708 3.995.432 4.725.733 .. 3.9. Otros minerales 11.947.908 8.335.032 7.287.760 7.222.581 6.055.619 5.874.459 5.598.537 5.639.601 5.228.092 5.541.746 5.351.382 5.309.593 5.478.513 5.340.896 4.975.204 3.9.1. Cuarcita 7.966.664 4.732.974 3.055.298 3.051.365 2.108.624 1.667.809 1.280.601 1.561.389 899.588 1.011.359 912.782 761.106 843.156 657.252 .. 3.9.2. Cuarzo 958.087 789.327 1.128.644 1.105.980 1.023.452 961.110 1.203.721 1.102.039 1.356.066 1.004.813 1.041.302 1.024.623 1.118.059 1.190.527 .. 3.9.3. Esteatita 59.299 47.218 51.897 11.957 8.857 0 0 0 0 0 15.500 13.100 2.920 651 .. 3.9.4. Feldespato 690.256 597.496 691.894 662.418 530.238 592.908 533.328 558.273 634.519 819.218 616.229 855.139 911.095 820.749 .. 3.9.5. Glauberita 1.032.978 1.121.784 1.216.787 1.271.877 1.276.130 1.329.514 1.315.043 1.306.586 1.243.023 1.264.246 1.382.633 1.404.234 1.344.366 1.277.845 .. 3.9.6. Magnesita 442.339 390.311 462.959 577.725 649.977 836.269 679.348 464.691 583.698 788.991 738.994 634.580 626.055 703.834 .. 3.9.7. Mica 13.596 7.925 11.858 3.775 3.518 3.462 4.049 4.355 5.521 6.333 6.932 7.769 7.126 9.220 .. 3.9.8. Piedra pómez 567.415 436.542 432.364 303.462 194.655 165.957 230.691 319.769 225.913 297.651 281.746 239.112 236.242 320.312 .. 3.9.9. Thenardita 148.683 166.362 156.776 124.450 175.728 234.353 268.205 245.372 211.614 254.033 275.388 294.822 309.790 284.235 .. 3.9.10. Trípoli 46.192 29.194 64.346 83.624 60.777 53.713 59.619 47.706 48.231 70.550 61.056 62.741 59.250 55.982 .. 3.9.11. Otros 22.399 15.899 14.937 25.948 23.663 29.364 23.932 29.421 19.919 24.552 18.820 12.367 20.454 20.289 .. 3.10. Tierra escavada, sólo si es usada .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 4. Combustibles fósiles 10.452.083 9.629.793 8.668.376 6.858.288 6.445.029 4.902.030 4.247.543 3.361.390 2.091.257 3.209.657 2.666.997 229.599 151.892 122.595 115.431 4.1. Carbón y otros recursos energéticos sólidos 10.285.913 9.507.189 8.498.160 6.710.290 6.247.520 4.483.072 3.920.435 3.121.606 1.945.377 3.079.880 2.499.970 80.326 85.605 84.776 85.275 4.1.1. Lignito 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .. 4.1.2. Hulla y antracita 10.204.688 9.448.511 8.433.198 6.623.719 6.186.141 4.400.938 3.837.626 3.042.356 1.832.377 2.995.105 2.407.145 0 0 0 .. 4.1.3. Arenas de alquitrán y pizarras bituminosas 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .. 4.1.4. Turba 81.225 58.678 64.962 86.571 61.379 82.134 82.809 79.250 113.000 84.775 92.825 80.326 85.605 84.776 .. 4.2. Recursos energéticos líquidos y gaseosos 166.170 122.604 170.216 147.998 197.509 418.958 327.108 239.784 145.880 129.777 167.027 149.273 66.287 37.819 30.156 4.2.1. Crudos de petróleo y gas natural licuado 127.542 106.817 121.528 99.925 143.526 367.569 305.263 229.567 139.176 118.809 89.476 39.861 26.819 5.785 .. 4.2.2. Gas natural 38.628 15.787 48.688 48.073 53.983 51.389 21.845 10.217 6.704 10.968 77.551 109.412 39.468 32.034 .. Notas: '..'=Dato no disponible (M)=Partida pro memoria Fuente: Instituto Nacional de Estadística