Type of indicator Period Total Applications in Spain 1998 71,825.00 Applications in Spain 1997 78,419.00 Applications in Spain 1996 65,199.00 Applications in Spain 1995 57,695.00 Applications in Spain 1994 54,136.00 Applications in Spain 1993 50,004.00 Applications in Spain 1992 48,900.00 Applications in Spain 1991 45,668.00 Applications in Spain 1990 46,817.00 Applications in Spain 1989 30,596.00 Applications in Spain 1988 26,242.00 Applications in Spain 1987 23,390.00 Applications in Spain 1986 14,361.00 Applications in Spain 1985 11,298.00 Applications in Spain 1984 10,700.00 Applications in Spain 1983 9,850.00 Applications in Spain 1982 10,201.00 Applications in Spain 1981 10,227.00 Applications in Spain 1980 10,877.00 Applications by residents 1998 2,656.00 Applications by residents 1997 2,236.00 Applications by residents 1996 2,308.00 Applications by residents 1995 2,078.00 Applications by residents 1994 2,171.00 Applications by residents 1993 2,192.00 Applications by residents 1992 2,101.00 Applications by residents 1991 2,188.00 Applications by residents 1990 2,260.00 Applications by residents 1989 2,118.00 Applications by residents 1988 1,832.00 Applications by residents 1987 1,741.00 Applications by residents 1986 1,652.00 Applications by residents 1985 2,149.00 Applications by residents 1984 1,784.00 Applications by residents 1983 1,498.00 Applications by residents 1982 1,646.00 Applications by residents 1981 1,718.00 Applications by residents 1980 1,876.00 Applications by non-residents 1998 69,169.00 Applications by non-residents 1997 76,183.00 Applications by non-residents 1996 62,891.00 Applications by non-residents 1995 55,617.00 Applications by non-residents 1994 51,965.00 Applications by non-residents 1993 47,812.00 Applications by non-residents 1992 46,799.00 Applications by non-residents 1991 43,480.00 Applications by non-residents 1990 44,557.00 Applications by non-residents 1989 28,478.00 Applications by non-residents 1988 24,410.00 Applications by non-residents 1987 21,649.00 Applications by non-residents 1986 12,709.00 Applications by non-residents 1985 9,149.00 Applications by non-residents 1984 8,916.00 Applications by non-residents 1983 8,352.00 Applications by non-residents 1982 8,555.00 Applications by non-residents 1981 8,509.00 Applications by non-residents 1980 9,001.00 Applications by foreigners 1998 .. Applications by foreigners 1997 .. Applications by foreigners 1996 16,847.00 Applications by foreigners 1995 10,088.00 Applications by foreigners 1994 9,227.00 Applications by foreigners 1993 7,575.00 Applications by foreigners 1992 6,886.00 Applications by foreigners 1991 5,654.00 Applications by foreigners 1990 4,603.00 Applications by foreigners 1989 3,102.00 Applications by foreigners 1988 2,730.00 Applications by foreigners 1987 2,263.00 Applications by foreigners 1986 2,135.00 Applications by foreigners 1985 1,785.00 Applications by foreigners 1984 2,056.00 Applications by foreigners 1983 1,540.00 Applications by foreigners 1982 1,477.00 Applications by foreigners 1981 1,848.00 Applications by foreigners 1980 1,592.00 Dependency rate 1998 26.04 Dependency rate 1997 34.07 Dependency rate 1996 27.25 Dependency rate 1995 26.76 Dependency rate 1994 23.94 Dependency rate 1993 21.81 Dependency rate 1992 22.27 Dependency rate 1991 19.87 Dependency rate 1990 19.72 Dependency rate 1989 13.45 Dependency rate 1988 13.32 Dependency rate 1987 12.43 Dependency rate 1986 7.69 Dependency rate 1985 4.26 Dependency rate 1984 5.00 Dependency rate 1983 5.58 Dependency rate 1982 5.20 Dependency rate 1981 4.95 Dependency rate 1980 4.80 Self-sufficiency rate 1998 0.03 Self-sufficiency rate 1997 0.02 Self-sufficiency rate 1996 0.04 Self-sufficiency rate 1995 0.04 Self-sufficiency rate 1994 0.04 Self-sufficiency rate 1993 0.04 Self-sufficiency rate 1992 0.04 Self-sufficiency rate 1991 0.05 Self-sufficiency rate 1990 0.05 Self-sufficiency rate 1989 0.07 Self-sufficiency rate 1988 0.07 Self-sufficiency rate 1987 0.07 Self-sufficiency rate 1986 0.12 Self-sufficiency rate 1985 0.19 Self-sufficiency rate 1984 0.17 Self-sufficiency rate 1983 0.15 Self-sufficiency rate 1982 0.16 Self-sufficiency rate 1981 0.17 Self-sufficiency rate 1980 0.17 Dissemination rate 1998 .. Dissemination rate 1997 .. Dissemination rate 1996 8.11 Dissemination rate 1995 4.65 Dissemination rate 1994 4.21 Dissemination rate 1993 3.61 Dissemination rate 1992 3.15 Dissemination rate 1991 2.50 Dissemination rate 1990 2.17 Dissemination rate 1989 1.69 Dissemination rate 1988 1.57 Dissemination rate 1987 1.37 Dissemination rate 1986 0.99 Dissemination rate 1985 1.00 Dissemination rate 1984 1.37 Dissemination rate 1983 0.94 Dissemination rate 1982 0.86 Dissemination rate 1981 0.99 Dissemination rate 1980 .. Inventive coefficient 1998 0.70 Inventive coefficient 1997 0.60 Inventive coefficient 1996 0.60 Inventive coefficient 1995 0.50 Inventive coefficient 1994 0.60 Inventive coefficient 1993 0.60 Inventive coefficient 1992 0.50 Inventive coefficient 1991 0.60 Inventive coefficient 1990 0.60 Inventive coefficient 1989 0.50 Inventive coefficient 1988 0.50 Inventive coefficient 1987 0.50 Inventive coefficient 1986 0.40 Inventive coefficient 1985 0.60 Inventive coefficient 1984 0.50 Inventive coefficient 1983 0.40 Inventive coefficient 1982 0.40 Inventive coefficient 1981 0.40 Inventive coefficient 1980 0.50 Applications by residents*100/FTE Researchers in company sector 1998 19.00 Applications by residents*100/FTE Researchers in company sector 1997 19.00 Applications by residents*100/FTE Researchers in company sector 1996 20.00 Applications by residents*100/FTE Researchers in company sector 1995 19.00 Applications by residents*100/FTE Researchers in company sector 1994 20.00 Applications by residents*100/FTE Researchers in company sector 1993 19.00 Applications by residents*100/FTE Researchers in company sector 1992 18.00 Applications by residents*100/FTE Researchers in company sector 1991 19.00 Applications by residents*100/FTE Researchers in company sector 1990 21.00 Applications by residents*100/FTE Researchers in company sector 1989 23.00 Applications by residents*100/FTE Researchers in company sector 1988 21.00 Applications by residents*100/FTE Researchers in company sector 1987 25.00 Applications by residents*100/FTE Researchers in company sector 1986 27.00 Applications by residents*100/FTE Researchers in company sector 1985 44.00 Applications by residents*100/FTE Researchers in company sector 1984 44.00 Applications by residents*100/FTE Researchers in company sector 1983 42.00 Applications by residents*100/FTE Researchers in company sector 1982 48.00 Applications by residents*100/FTE Researchers in company sector 1981 53.00 Applications by residents*100/FTE Researchers in company sector 1980 63.00 Company expenditure on R+D/Applications by residents(thousands of pts.) 1998 153,931.00 Company expenditure on R+D/Applications by residents(thousands of pts.) 1997 146,656.00 Company expenditure on R+D/Applications by residents(thousands of pts.) 1996 136,286.00 Company expenditure on R+D/Applications by residents(thousands of pts.) 1995 139,175.00 Company expenditure on R+D/Applications by residents(thousands of pts.) 1994 118,064.00 Company expenditure on R+D/Applications by residents(thousands of pts.) 1993 121,430.00 Company expenditure on R+D/Applications by residents(thousands of pts.) 1992 129,800.00 Company expenditure on R+D/Applications by residents(thousands of pts.) 1991 122,685.00 Company expenditure on R+D/Applications by residents(thousands of pts.) 1990 108,955.00 Company expenditure on R+D/Applications by residents(thousands of pts.) 1989 90,252.00 Company expenditure on R+D/Applications by residents(thousands of pts.) 1988 89,176.00 Company expenditure on R+D/Applications by residents(thousands of pts.) 1987 72,778.00 Company expenditure on R+D/Applications by residents(thousands of pts.) 1986 66,791.00 Company expenditure on R+D/Applications by residents(thousands of pts.) 1985 39,923.00 Company expenditure on R+D/Applications by residents(thousands of pts.) 1984 36,665.00 Company expenditure on R+D/Applications by residents(thousands of pts.) 1983 34,808.00 Company expenditure on R+D/Applications by residents(thousands of pts.) 1982 28,470.00 Company expenditure on R+D/Applications by residents(thousands of pts.) 1981 19,279.00 Company expenditure on R+D/Applications by residents(thousands of pts.) 1980 17,132.00