Reference years	Sectors of performance	Total
2023 (A)	GDPpm	1.498.324
2023 (A)	(R&D expenditure/GDP)*100: Total	1,49
2023 (A)	(R&D expenditure/GDP)*100: Government	0,27
2023 (A)	(R&D expenditure/GDP)*100: Higher education	0,38
2023 (A)	(R&D expenditure/GDP)*100: Enterprises and PNP	0,85
2022 (P)	GDPpm	1.373.629
2022 (P)	(R&D expenditure/GDP)*100: Total	1,41
2022 (P)	(R&D expenditure/GDP)*100: Government	0,24
2022 (P)	(R&D expenditure/GDP)*100: Higher education	0,37
2022 (P)	(R&D expenditure/GDP)*100: Enterprises and PNP	0,8
2021	GDPpm	1.235.474
2021	(R&D expenditure/GDP)*100: Total	1,4
2021	(R&D expenditure/GDP)*100: Government	0,24
2021	(R&D expenditure/GDP)*100: Higher education	0,37
2021	(R&D expenditure/GDP)*100: Enterprises and PNP	0,79