Women and Men in Spain Risk of poverty or social exclusion (2020 Europe strategy) AROPE indicator Population at risk of poverty or social exclusion(Europe 2020 strategy), by level of education and period. Spain and the EU-28 (population aged 18 years old and over) Unidades: % ,Spain,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,EU-28,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,UE27_2020,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, ,2022,2021,2020,2019,2018,2017,2016,2015,2014,2013,2012,2011,2010,2009,2008,2022,2021,2020,2019,2018,2017,2016,2015,2014,2013,2012,2011,2010,2009,2008,2022,2021,2020,2019,2018,2017,2016,2015,2014,2013,2012,2011,2010,2009,2008, Females, Prep school, primary and 1st stage of secondary education (level 0-2),"","",35,1,31,3,33,8,33,2,33,7,34,34,1,32,9,31,2,31,2,30,9,30,28,7,"","",..,33,8,34,7,35,35,5,34,8,35,4,35,4,35,5,35,1,33,7,..,..,"","",34,3,33,6,34,5,34,9,36,2,35,3,35,8,35,6,35,8,34,9,33,6,..,.., 2nd stage of secondary education (level 3-4),"","",28,4,25,3,28,3,26,7,28,28,9,29,2,26,3,26,4,23,8,23,7,21,5,20,8,"","",..,21,2,21,7,22,22,8,23,24,24,5,24,3,23,5,22,9,..,..,"","",21,3,20,8,21,3,21,9,22,7,22,9,23,9,24,3,24,2,23,5,22,7,..,.., Higher education and doctorate,"","",14,5,15,2,13,2,14,5,14,7,14,2,15,6,13,3,14,1,13,8,10,8,10,7,10,5,"","",..,11,4,11,4,11,7,12,3,12,3,12,6,12,5,13,1,12,7,11,4,..,..,"","",11,11,1,11,11,6,12,2,12,1,12,6,12,4,13,1,12,5,11,4,..,.., Males, Prep school, primary and 1st stage of secondary education (level 0-2),"","",32,7,31,7,33,2,33,1,35,36,3,35,7,33,9,33,4,30,8,30,1,27,4,26,3,"","",..,31,7,32,3,33,5,33,9,34,2,34,1,34,3,33,8,33,1,31,5,..,..,"","",32,5,31,8,32,5,33,6,35,2,35,35,34,4,34,33,3,31,4,..,.., 2nd stage of secondary education (level 3-4),"","",24,5,22,4,22,7,23,5,23,8,26,3,26,24,4,23,20,7,20,3,18,3,16,8,"","",..,18,6,19,20,2,20,4,21,2,21,7,22,1,22,4,21,5,20,6,..,..,"","",18,5,18,5,18,9,20,2,20,6,21,3,21,8,22,1,22,3,21,6,20,6,..,.., Higher education and doctorate,"","",12,7,12,11,9,12,3,14,3,13,4,14,9,13,3,13,1,13,8,11,6,10,4,9,1,"","",..,9,9,10,4,10,2,11,1,11,1,11,4,11,1,10,9,10,8,10,2,..,..,"","",10,2,9,5,10,1,10,1,10,7,10,8,11,4,11,10,6,10,6,10,1,..,.., Notas: UE-27: 27 countries (since 2020). UE-28: 28 countries (2013 -2020). Source: Living Conditions Survey INE In Spain, new methodology adopted in 2013 has been used Fuente: