A large share of the value of the goods and services exported by the Spanish economy is generated within Spain (domestic value added). Another share corresponds to the value of imported inputs used in their production (foreign value added).
In 2024, 72.3% of the value of Spain’s exports was generated domestically, while the remaining 27.7% originated abroad.
As a result, the domestic value added embodied in exports was estimated at €342,330 million, 3.5% higher than in 2023. This amount represented 21.5% of Gross Domestic Product (GDP), compared with 22.1% in 2023.
Percentage of GDP
Manufacturing industry exports generated the highest amount of value added, at €149,048 million. Of this total, €66,809 million was value added generated within the industry itself (direct effect), while €82,239 million was generated in other sectors of the economy (indirect effect).
Million euros
By country, exports to France generated the highest amount of value added in the Spanish economy, amounting to €45,842 million (2.9% of GDP).
Percentage of GDP
The countries that contributed the most value to Spain's exports were Germany (2.5% of total exports), the United States (2.2%), and France (2.1%).
Percentage of total exports
When considering the destination of exports, the countries whose final demand -that is, consumption or investment in the partner country, intermediate demand in the partner country used to produce goods and services ultimately consumed or invested in within that country, or intermediate demand from third countries used in the production of goods and services ultimately consumed or invested in the partner country- incorporated the largest amount of value added generated in Spain were France (€36,874 million, equivalent to 2.3% of Spanish GDP), the United States (€33,779 million, or 2.1% of GDP), and Germany (€30,779 million, or 1.9% of GDP).
Conversely, France was the country whose value added was most heavily incorporated into Spanish final demand (consumption and investment), amounting to €26,671 million.
In net terms, defined as the difference between the value added generated in Spain and embodied in a country’s final demand, and the value added generated in that country and embodied in Spanish final demand, Spain recorded its largest surplus with the United Kingdom and its largest deficit with China.
Million euros
When, in addition to goods and services destined for the final use of the partner country, total demand is taken into account-regardless of the final destination of the exported goods and services-it is estimated that in 2024, the Spanish economy was particularly exposed to demand from France, Germany, and the United States.
Percentage of GDP
The number of people employed in activities linked to exports reached 5.2 million in 2024, a figure similar to that recorded in 2023 and equivalent to 24.0% of total employment in the economy.
Million persons employed
Wholesale and retail trade, transportation, and accommodation and food service activities accounted for the largest volume of employment linked to exports of goods and services, with 2.0 million persons employed. They were followed by manufacturing activities, with 1.1 million persons employed.
Spain's exports generated 87.5 million tonnes of CO2e greenhouse gas emissions in 2024, 2.0% less than in 2023.
Million tonnes of CO2 equivalent
The Trade in Value Added (TiVA) Indicators Dashboard is published annually. Each year, in year t, it incorporates results for year t–2 and provides updated results for the entire time series, in line with Eurostat’s updates to the FIGARO database and revisions to the national accounts.
The data released today are final. All results from this statistical operation are available at INEbase.
The Trade in Value Added (TiVA) Indicators Dashboard is based on the conceptual framework of the national accounts systems (2008 SNA and ESA 2010), using as its main source the FIGARO multiregional input-output tables compiled by Eurostat. These tables are complemented with data from the Spanish National Accounts on employment and value added, as well as with Air Emissions Accounts data. The aim is to estimate the economic and environmental effects associated with external demand in terms of value added, employment, and greenhouse gas emissions.
The methodology is based on the Leontief model applied to the FIGARO multiregional system, which links 50 economies and 64 industries. In the case of exports, domestic expenditure by non-residents and re-exports are excluded.
Using the local or global Leontief inverse, depending on the indicator, the methodology identifies the production required to satisfy specific demand flows (exports for intermediate or final use). Based on this production, value added, employment, and emissions are estimated using the corresponding coefficients.
Further information is available in the methodology.
INE statistics are produced in accordance with the European Statistics Code of Practice. Further information is available in Quality in the INE and Code of Good Practices.
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