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Quality of Life Indicators

• 1Contact
  • 1.1Contact organisation
    National Statistics Institute of Spain
    
  • 1.5Contact mail address

    Avenida de Manoteras 50-52 - 28050 Madrid

    
    
• 2Metadata update
  • 2.1Metadata last certified
    05/10/2023
  • 2.2Metadata last posted
    31/10/2023
  • 2.3Metadata last update
    05/10/2023
• 3Statistical presentation
  • 3.1Data description

    Quality of Life Indicators 2023

    Measuring the progress and well-being of individuals involves broadening the framework of economic development indicators traditionally used as measures of growth and well-being (GDP, other aggregated National Accounts indicators).

    The publication aims to offer a panoramic view (multidimensional) of the quality of life in Spain, by choosing a set of indicators that allows for territorial comparisons and between population groups.

    The selected indicators describe the quality of life organised in nine dimensions: I.Material living conditions, II. Work, III. Health, IV. Education, V. Leisure and social relations, VI. Physical and personal security, VII.Governance and basic rights, VIII. Environment, IX Overall experience of life.

    For each indicator, an individualised file is provided consisting of: introduction and definitions, comments, national and international sources and a section that allows for further information in which links of interest to other sources and initiatives developed in different countries are provided.

  • 3.2Classification system
    • Clasificaciones utilizadas

      As it is a summary publication that collects information on the different aspects of quality of life, the classification systems are those corresponding to the numerous surveys and statistics used as sources of information. Among others, the following classifications are used: International Standard Classification of Education (ISCED-2011) and its equivalent National Classification of Education (CNED-2014)

  • 3.3Sector coverage

    Information is provided on the quality of life of people in the nine dimensions considered: Material living conditions, Work, Health, Education, Leisure and social relations, Physical and personal security, Governance and basic rights, Environment, Overall experience of life.

  • 3.4Statistical concepts and definitions
    • Abandono educativo temprano
      Es el porcentaje de personas de 18 a 24 años que no ha completado la educación secundaria de segunda etapa, que según la Clasificación Internacional de Educación (CINE-2011) corresponde al nivel 3, y no ha seguido ningún tipo de estudio o formación en las cuatro últimas semanas.
    • Wage-earners or freelance workers
      Have worked during the reference week for at least one hour in exchange for a salary or wage, in cash or in kind or have had a job but have not not worked due to being temporally absent from work during the reference week. In this case, in order ot regard the person as employed, it is necessary to be closely linked with his or her employment, and for the total period absent to be less than or equal to three months or, where this is greater, for the percentage of the wage received to be 50% or more.
    • Severe material deprivation
      These are the households with insufficiency in at least four concepts from a list of nine. The concepts considered are as follows:
      The person or household cannot afford to go on holiday at least one week a year.
      The person or household cannot afford a meal based on meat, chicken or fish at least every two days.
      The person or household cannot afford to keep the dwelling at an adequate temperature.
      The person or household is unable to handle unforeseen expenses.
      The person or household has been late paying expenses relating to the main dwelling (mortgage or rent, gas bills, community costs, etc.) or in the payment of instalment purchases in the last 12 months.
      The person or household cannot afford a car.
      The person or household cannot afford a telephone.
      The person or household cannot afford a colour television.
      The person or household cannot afford a washing machine.
    • Esperanza de vida
      Se define como el número medio de años que esperaría seguir viviendo una persona de una determinada edad, en caso de mantenerse el patrón de mortalidad por edad observado en el momento de realizar la estimación.
    • Esperanza de vida en buena salud o libre de discapacidad
      Se define como el promedio de número de años esperados que vive una persona disfrutando de buena salud (en ausencia de limitaciones funcionales o de discapacidad).
    • General state of health (self-perceived)
      The person's perception regarding his or her general state of health in the last twelve months.
    • Body Mass Index (BMI)
      Relationship between the weight of the individual (in kilograms) and the square of the height (in metres).
    • Median
      This is the value which, listing all individuals from the least income to the greatest income, leaves half of them below said value, and the other half of them above it. Therefore, as this is a relative measurement, its value depends on the income level, and on how income is distributed among the population. Therefore, it increases or decreases in line with the median income.
    • Household Member
      The conditions established in order to determine whether or not a person is a member of the household endeavour to avoid the possibility of a single individual being classified in more than one household or, conversely, not being classified in any.
      
      Requirements for being a household member are:
      
      - To normally reside in the dwelling: a person normally resides in a dwelling if he or she spends most of his or her daily rest in said dwelling.
      - To share the household expenses: this means profiting from expenses (children, persons with no income, etc.) and/or contributing to the income. If expenses are not shared, the person constitutes a separate household at the same address.
    • Citizenship
      Citizenship is defined as the particular legal bond between an individual and his/her State,, acquired by birth or naturalisation, whether by declaration, option, marriage or other means according to the national legislation.
    • Nivel de formación alcanzado
      El nivel de formación alcanzado por una persona se define como "el máximo nivel que el individuo ha completado" y "se mide a partir del programa de máximo nivel que haya superado, validado, normalmente, por la correspondiente certificación".
    • Employees
      Employees are all those persons aged over 16 years old who, during the reference week were employed by others, wage-earners, or performed freelance work pursuant, freelance workers.
    • Unemployed persons
      All those persons aged over 16 years old who, during the reference week were:
      
      a) out of work, in other words, they had no paid employment or freelance work,
      
      b) available for work, in other words, available to carry out a job as an employee or freelance work within the two weeks following the reference week,
      
      c) actively jobseeking during the month prior to the Sunday of the reference week.
      
      Persons are also considered unemployed when they are out of work but are about to start a new job within the three months subsequent to the reference week and are currently available for work. Therefore in this case it will not be necessary to demand active jobseeking as a necessary condition for being unemployed.
      
      The search methods considered active are to be found listed in the European Commission Regulation 1897/2000.
    • Active population or active persons
      The active population comprises employed and unemployed persons during the reference week.
    • Renta bruta de los hogares
      Corresponde a la renta primaria total que reciben los miembros de estos: rentas recibidas por la participación en el proceso productivo de sus miembros más las rentas de la propiedad a cobrar menos a pagar (intereses, dividendos, etc.).
    • Renta disponible ajustada bruta de los hogares
      Es igual a su renta disponible bruta más el valor de los bienes y servicios que estos reciben de forma gratuita de las administraciones públicas y de instituciones sin fines de lucro al servicio de los hogares.
    • Renta disponible bruta de los hogares
      Es la renta bruta más el saldo de las transferencias corrientes (impuestos sobre la renta o el patrimonio, cotizaciones sociales, prestaciones sociales y otras).
    • Renta disponible final neta
      Es la renta total percibida por el hogar durante el periodo de referencia especificado, una vez deducidos el impuesto sobre la renta, los impuestos sobre el patrimonio y las cotizaciones a la seguridad social e incluyendo las transferencias recibidas.
    • Total disposable household income
      This is calculated by adding the income received by all the members of the household.
      
      The disposable household income (net after taxes and social security contributions paid) includes:
      
      - All income from work (wages of wage earners and income from self-employed workers)
      - Capital and property income
      - Transfers between households
      - All the social benefits received in cash, including retirement pensions
      - Income from private pension plans
      
      The disposable household income does not include:
      
      - Social benefits in kind
      - Imputed rent
      - Income in kind, with the exception of company cars
      - Auto-consumption
      - Tax on wealth
      
      It is possible to find information broken down for each component of income in Commission Regulation (EC) no. 1980/2003, and in the EU-SILC guidelines.
    • Average income per person
      Income per person is obtained, for each household, by dividing the net household income by the number of members of said household
    • Average income per consumption unit
      Equivalised income is a measure of household income that takes account of the differences in a household's size and composition, and thus is equivalised or made equivalent for all household sizes and compositions. The equivalised income is calculated by dividing the household's total income by its equivalent size,
      which is calculated using the modified OECD equivalence scale.This scale attributes a weight to all members of the household:
      1.0 to the first adult;
      0.5 to the second and each subsequent person aged 14 and over;
      0.3 to each child aged under 14.
    • Median income per unit of consumption
      Median income is the value that orders all individuals from lower to higher income, leaves one half of them below that value and the other half above. The value of the median income is a relative measure and its value depends on the level of income and how the income is distributed among the population in a given year. In order to convert household income to equivalent income (per unit of consumption) the concept of "consumption unit" is applied internationally, taking into account the economies of scale that occur according to the number and the ages of the people who share the home spends. A consumer unit is a person living alone. The equivalent income (income per unit of consumption) of a household is calculated by dividing the total disposable income of the household by the number of units of equivalent consumption that compose it, and the value of this ratio is assigned as income per unit of consumption equal to all members of that household.
    • Regular residence according six months criteria
      A person is considered to usually reside in a dwelling if he or she spends most of his or her daily rest in said dwelling in said dwelling, and the period that should be taken into account are the last six months.
      Persons forming new households or incorporated into existing households will normally be regarded as members of the new new residence; in the same way, persons who leave their household to go and live anywhere else will cease to be regarded as members of the original household.
      The abovementioned criterion for the last six months will be replaced by the intention to reside for a period of six months or more in the new place of residence.That which may be regarded as permanent entering or leaving households should be taken into account. In other words, a person who sets up home for an indefinite period of time, or with the intention residing for a period of six months or more will be regarded as a member of that household, even if he or she has not yet spent six months there, and even if he or she has actually spent most of that time in any other place of residence. Likewise, a person who has left his or her household to go to any other place of residence with the intention of being away for six months or more will cease to be regarded as a member of the previous household.
      If a person who is temporarily absent is in a private, he or she will be regarded as a member of the current household or of the previous one, depending on the amount of time his or her absence lasts. Exceptionally, specific categories of persons who maintain close ties with the household may be regarded as members of the latter, regardless of the time that their absence lasts, so long as they are not considered members of another private household.
    • Riqueza neta de las familias
      Es la diferencia entre el valor total de los activos (reales y financieros) que poseen y sus pasivos o fuentes de financiación (deudas).
    • Tasa de criminalidad
      Es el número de delitos y faltas por cada mil habitantes
    • Employment rate
      This is the quotient between the total number of employed persons and the population aged 16 years and over.
    • Tasa de homicidios
      Es el número de homicidios dolosos y asesinatos consumados por cada 100.000 habitantes
    • Unemployment rate
      The unemployment rate is the quotient between the number of unemployed persons and the number of active persons. Calculated for both sexes and for each sex separately.
    • Risk of poverty rate
      The at-risk-of-poverty rate is the percentage of persons who are below the poverty threshold.
    • Types of contract or employment relationship
      Contracts or employment relationships may be permanent or temporary.
    • Freelance workers
      Have worked during the reference week for at least one hour in exchange for personal gain or family earnings or have had a job but not working due to being temporarily absent from it during the reference week due to illness, an accident, holidays, public holidays, bad weather or other reasons involving there continuing to exist a strong link between the person and his or her company.
      Family assistance is included in this category.
    • Poverty threshold
      The poverty threshold is calculated in euros. A person with anual income per consuption unit under this threshold is considered at risk of poverty.
      The poverty threshold depends on the distribution of the income per consumption unit of persons. This threshold is established as 60% of the median income per consumption unit of persons.
  • 3.5Statistical unit

    As this is a summary publication that collects information from different statistics and surveys, the statistical unit is the one applicable to each of these surveys and statistics.

  • 3.6Statistical population

    As this is a summary publication that collects information from different surveys and statistics, it is not applicable to a single statistical population but rather to those corresponding to the surveys and statistics used as sources of information.

  • 3.7Reference area

    The indicators refer to the entire national territory and are geographically disaggregated by Autonomous Community.

  • 3.8Time coverage

    Time series are provided. In the first edition of this publication, information was provided for the period 2004-2013. The 2023 edition of the publication provides information for the period 2004-2022.

  • 3.9Base period

    When considering as a reference period time series, we could consider as a base period the lower limit of this edition 2004-2022, that is to say the year 2004. In the case of monetary data collected from the Living Conditions Survey, we consider the year 2008 as the base period.

• 4Unit of measure
  • 4.1Unit of measure

    The unit of measurement is considered to be individuals. The information is provided in percentages of population, generally population of 16 years old and over. For some specific indicators, the lower age limit may be 18 years.

• 5Reference period
  • 5.1Reference period

    Time series, on the base of annual data from the different surveys that serve as a source of information (Living Conditions Survey, Economically Active Population Survey, etc.).

    Data referred to the period: Anual A: 2023

• 6Institutional mandate
  • 6.1Legal acts and other agreements

    The compilation and dissemination of the data are governed by the Statistical Law No. 12/1989 "Public Statistical Function" of May 9, 1989, and Law No. 4/1990 of June 29 on “National Budget of State for the year 1990" amended by Law No. 13/1996 "Fiscal, administrative and social measures" of December 30, 1996, makes compulsory all statistics included in the National Statistics Plan. The National Statistical Plan 2009-2012 was approved by the Royal Decree 1663/2008. It contains the statistics that must be developed in the four year period by the State General Administration's services or any other entity dependent on it. All statistics included in the National Statistics Plan are statistics for state purposes and are obligatory. The National Statistics Plan 2021-2024, approved by Royal Decree 1110/2020, of 15  December, is the Plan currently implemented. This statistical operation has governmental purposes, and it is included in the National Statistics Plan 2021-2024. (Statistics of the State Administration).

    
    

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  • 6.2Data sharing
    The exchanges of information needed to elaborate statistics between the INE and the rest of the State statistical offices (Ministerial Departments, independent bodies and administrative bodies depending on the State General Administration), or between these offices and the Autonomic statistical offices, are regulated in the LFEP (Law of the Public Statistic Function). This law also regulates the mechanisms of statistical coordination, and concludes cooperation agreements between the different offices when necessary.
    

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• 7Confidentiality
  • 7.1Confidentiality - policy

    The Statistical Law No. 12/1989 specifies that the INE cannot publish, or make otherwise available, individual data or statistics that would enable the identification of data for any individual person or entity. Regulation (EC) No 223/2009 on European statistics stipulates the need to establish common principles and guidelines ensuring the confidentiality of data used for the production of European statistics and the access to those confidential data with due account for technical developments and the requirements of users in a democratic society

    
    
  • 7.2Confidentiality - data treatment
    INE provides information on the protection of confidentiality at all stages of the statistical process: INE questionnaires for the operations in the national statistical plan include a legal clause protecting data under statistical confidentiality. Notices prior to data collection announcing a statistical operation notify respondents that data are subject to statistical confidentiality at all stages. For data processing, INE employees have available the INE data protection handbook, which specifies the steps that should be taken at each stage of processing to ensure reporting units' individual data are protected. The microdata files provided to users are anonymised.
    

    The National Statistics Institute will be responsible for the information being used in such a way that the protection of individual data is totally guaranteed, and all personnel participating in the elaboration of the Survey are subject to the obligation to preserve statistical secrecy, as well as to the other restrictions deriving from the application of Law 12/1989, of 9 May, of the Public Statistical Function and of Organic Law 15/1999, of 13 December, on the Protection of Personal Data.

• 8Release policy
  • 8.1Release calendar

    The advance release calendar that shows the precise release dates for the coming year is disseminated in the last quarter of each year.

    
    
  • 8.2Release calendar access

    The calendar is disseminated on the INEs Internet website (Publications Calendar)

    
    
  • 8.3User access

    The data are released simultaneously according to the advance release calendar to all interested parties by issuing the press release. At the same time, the data are posted on the INE's Internet website (www.ine.es/en) almost immediately after the press release is issued. Also some predefined tailor-made requests are sent to registered users. Some users could receive partial information under embargo as it is publicly described in the European Statistics Code of Practice

    
    
• 9Frequency of dissemination
  • 9.1Frequency of dissemination

    It is an annual web publication.

• 10Accessibility and clarity
  • 10.1News release

    The results of the statistical operations are normally disseminated by using press releases that can be accessed via both the corresponding menu and the Press Releases Section in the web

    
    
  • 10.2Publications

    The results of the electronic publication are disseminated through the INE website and is organised into nine chapters, corresponding to each of the nine dimensions analysed. Within each one of them, the most relevant indicators are included that enable us to analyse the quality of life of individuals in each dimension. The publication is annual based on the date included in the INE publications calendar.

    The publication is organised in individual files associated with each indicator, in which the following information appears: Introduction and definitions of the indicator, Comments on the temporal evolution of the information, Excel tables and associated graphs, Sources of information used both from national and international organisations, as well as Links to other sources and publications that allow for further information.

  • 10.3On-line database

    INEbase is the system the INE uses to store statistical information on the Internet. It contains all the information the INE produces in electronic formats. The primary organisation of the information follows the theme-based classification of the Inventory of Statistical Operations of the State General Administration . The basic unit of INEbase is the statistical operation, defined as the set of activities that lead to obtaining statistical results on a determined sector or subject based on the individually collected data. Also included in the scope of this definition are synthesis preparation.

    
    

    Access to the publication on INEbase in the section on living conditions. You can also access it from free publications:
    https://www.ine.es/ss/Satellite?param1=PYSDetalleGratuitas&c=INEPublicacion_C&p=1254735110672&pagename=ProductosYServicios%2FPYSLayout&cid=1259937499084&L=1

  • 10.4Micro-data access
    A lot of statistical operations disseminate public domain anonymized files, available free of charge for downloading in the INE website Microdata Section
    

    As it is a summary publication that collects many surveys, microdata are not available.

  • 10.5Other

    Without information

  • 10.6Documentation on methodology

    A methodology file is available which includes a Background section with the initiatives carried out at European level: Eurostat, OECD, United Nations. It also includes initiatives carried out in different countries. A Content section is included detailing the areas (thematic, population, geographical and temporal), the classification variables, a list of the indicators included and the sources of information used.

    The methodology file is available through the website of the publication: https://www.ine.es/ss/Satellite?param1=PYSDetalleGratuitas&c=INEPublicacion_C&p=1254735110672&pagename=ProductosYServicios%2FPYSLayout&cid=1259937499084&L=1

  • 10.7Quality documentation

    This standardised methodological report contains all the elements of what is considered to be a "user-oriented quality report" for this operation.

• 11Quality management
  • 11.1Quality assurance

    Quality assurance framework for the INE statistics is based on the ESSCoP, the European Statistics Code of Practice made by EUROSTAT. The ESSCoP is made up of 16 principles, gathered in three areas: Institutional Environment, Processes and Products. Each principle is associated with some indicators which make possible to measure it. In order to evaluate quality, EUROSTAT provides different tools: the indicators mentioned above, Self-assessment based on the DESAP model, peer review, user satisfaction surveys and other proceedings for evaluation.

    
    

    The selection of quality of life indicators is carried out by the unit responsible for the publication, following Eurostat's initial scheme and adding other indicators in some dimensions.

    For many indicators, the information that is published is collected directly from the original statistical sources without any further elaboration, which guarantees the quality of the information. In some other cases, it corresponds to a customised request to the responsible unit, thus guaranteeing the quality of the information.

    The information is always reviewed and validated by the responsible INE units for the different sources of statistical information used.

    The publication is updated annually according to the INE publications calendar. It is intended to reduce as far as possible the period between the date of publication of the Quality of Life Indicators on the INE website and the date of the annual publication of the different sources of information (Living Conditions Survey, Economically Active Population Survey) in order to provide the user with the most recent information.

    A time evolution of the information is included, which allows the analysis of the positive or negative evolution of the different indicators that measure the quality of life of the people.

  • 11.2Quality assessment

    The selected indicators follow the initial scheme published on Eurostat's Quality of Life Indicators website, based on the report “Measuring progress, well-being and sustainable development” approved by the European Statistical System Committee. Eurostat included for the first time on its website a series of Quality of Life Indicators in 2013. This initial series has been revised and developed by a Working Group of Experts on Quality of Life created within Eurostat, which finished its work in August 2016. In the publication Quality of Life Indicators 2023 the updates provided by this Eurostat Working Group have been incorporated into the published indicators.

    The INE in this publication follows the general guidelines proposed by Eurostat in the development of the Quality of Life Indicators. Other relevant indicators are also included at the national level to complete the analysis of some dimensions.

    The base information is collected directly from the information sources, or customised requests are made to the INE units responsible for the different statistics and surveys that serve as information sources, thereby maintaining the quality of the data used.

    The publication is annual. The aim is to reduce to the maximum the period of time elapsed since the publication of the source of the information and the dissemination of the publication, in order to provide very updated indicators.

• 12Relevance
  • 12.1User needs

    The publication is based on all the initiatives previously carried out by the academic world and by international organisations such as OECD, United Nations, etc. that have marked the guidelines to be followed to measure the well-being of individuals.

    For the last two or three decades there have been several initiatives for measuring social and economic progress, such as the Human Development Index (HDI) of the United Nations. But the work that has attracted the most attention and has had the greatest impact not only in the academic world, but also in official statistics has been the Stiglitz-Sen-Fitoussi Report (SSF) published in September 2009 on behalf of the French government.

    This Report (SSF) proposes a multidimensional approach to measuring the progress of societies and contains a series of concrete recommendations addressed above all at official statistics in order to achieve this objective.

    In November 2011 the European Statistical System Committee (ESSC) approved a report entitled “Measuring progress, well-being and sustainable development” which includes 50 concrete actions that should be undertaken by the European Statistical System (ESS) to implement the recommendations of the SSF report. In May 2013 Eurostat published a first set of quality of life indicators based on the ESSC report of November 2011. This first set of quality of life indicators has been reviewed and developed within Eurostat, resulting in a revised 2016 version of the list of indicators.

    The set of quality of life indicators will be subject to continuous revision in order to offer the user the information that best captures and reflects the objective and subjective well-being of individuals. In its publication, the INE follows the guidelines established by Eurostat and the OECD and incorporates all the innovations that these bodies provide.

    This publication is aimed at all users of social statistics within the section on Income and living conditions. As it is a new publication, in the next few years it will incorporate and cover dimensions of quality of life not currently developed, either because they do not yet have statistical information, or because they have not yet been developed methodologically. This will cover the needs of users not currently satisfied due to the lack of statistical information.

  • 12.2User satisfaction

    The INE has carried out general user satisfaction surveys in 2007, 2010, 2013,  2016 and 2019 and it plans to continue doing so every three years. The purpose of these surveys is to find out what users think about the quality of the information of the INE statistics and the extent to which their needs of information are covered. In addition, additional surveys are carried out in order to acknowledge better other fields such as dissemination of the information, quality of some publications...

    On the INE website, in its section Methods and Projects / Quality and Code of Practice / INE quality management / User surveys are available surveys conducted to date.(Click  next link)

     

    
    

    There is no information on user satisfaction for this particular summary publication, however in the different satisfaction surveys that the INE produces, information is provided on satisfaction in relation to different groups of surveys.

  • 12.3Completeness

    As it is a summary publication, it includes the dimensions of study that make it possible to analyse people's quality of life. It incorporates all the statistical new developments that may be of interest and provide more information in each dimension, to meet the needs of users.

    It is not subject to any regulation or standards with respect to mandatory statistical results. In general, the guidelines of the Eurostat project are followed, but each country is free to publish the list of indicators it considers most appropriate. The proportion of information elaborated in relation to that requested in the National Statistical Plan is 99%. (R1= 99%).

• 13Accuracy and reliability
  • 13.1Overall accuracy

    Given the characteristics of this publication, which uses information provided by other statistical operations, the accuracy relies mainly on these operations, and it is possible to assess the accuracy of the different indicators used in this web publication, through the methodological files of the operations that serve as a source of information.

  • 13.2Sampling error

    Since it is a summary publication that compiles different surveys, sampling errors can be assessed in the statistics that serve as a source of information.

  • 13.3Non-sampling error

    Due to the characteristics of the statistics, non-sampling errors can be assessed in the statistics that serve as sources of information for the publication.

• 14Timeliness and punctuality
  • 14.1Timeliness

    The publication is updated annually according to the INE publications calendar.

    The aim is to reduce to a minimum the time elapsed since the publication of the data that serve as a source of information and its dissemination as an INE online publication. The TP2 period elapsed since the reference period of the information and the date of publication of the final results is 300 days (TP2=300 days).

  • 14.2Punctuality

    It is guided by the date included in the INE publications calendar.

• 15Coherence and Comparability
  • 15.1Comparability - geographical

    Indicators are published nationally and by Autonomous Community. For some indicators, information is provided on the European Union. There are no problems of regional or international comparability, since the data are comparable with the countries of the European Union that follow the guidelines of Eurostat in the preparation of the information sources used.

     

  • 15.2Comparability - over time

    The 2023 publication includes a temporal evolution (2004-2022) of non-monetary indicators based on the Living Conditions Survey that allows for temporal comparability. The number of comparable elements in the time series of non-monetary data from the Living Conditions Survey is CC2=19 elements.

    For monetary data based on the Living Conditions Survey (income, at-risk-of-poverty rate, etc.), two homogeneous but not comparable series have been built: the 2004-2012 series with a CC2=9 comparable elements and the 2008-2022 series with a CC2=15 comparable elements.

    For indicators based on the Economically Active Population Survey, a time series is included (2004-2022) with a CC2=19 comparable elements.

    Also included are indicators of the weighted average with population of the annual average concentration of PM10 and PM2.5 pollutant particles with a time series 2004-2022, with a CC2=19 comparable elements. This information comes from the Ministry for the Ecological Transition and the Demographic Challenge.

  • 15.3Coherence - cross domain

    The consistency of the information contained in the publication is carried out in relation to the consistency of the information contained in the statistics and surveys, both national and European, which serve as the basis for the different indicators.

    Therefore, the information has been validated by the INE units that produce these statistical sources, and in the case of official European statistical sources, data are published based on the same methodology used by these sources.

     

  • 15.4Coherence - internal

    The information contained in the published indicators has complete internal consistency, since the basic information from national and European statistics and surveys is validated by the producing units in the case of national sources and in the case of European sources the information published is based on common methodologies.

• 16Cost and burden
  • 16.1Cost and burden

    The estimated budget appropriation necessary to finance this publication foreseen in the 2023 Annual Programme is 59.52 thousand euros.

    There is no burden on the respondent as the basic information comes from surveys and statistics already published.

• 17Data revision
  • 17.1Data revision - policy

    The INE of Spain has a policy which regulates the basic aspects of statistical data revision, seeking to ensure process transparency and product quality. This policy is laid out in the document approved by the INE board of directors on 13 March of 2015, which is available on the INE website, in the section "Methods and projects/Quality and Code of Practice/INE’s Quality management/INE’s Revision policy" (link).

    This general policy sets the criteria that the different type of revisions should follow:  routine revision- it is the case of statistics whose production process includes regular revisions-; more extensive revision- when methodological or basic reference source changes take place-; and exceptional revision- for instance, when an error appears in a published statistic-.

    
    

    The publication includes final data from already published surveys and statistics.

  • 17.2Data revision - practice

    The publication includes final data from already published surveys and statistics.

• 18Statistical processing
  • 18.1Source data

    The indicators included in each dimension are obtained fundamentally from surveys aimed at the population, such as the Living Conditions Survey (LCS) or the Economically Active Population Survey (EAPS). In some cases, other statistical sources may be used, such as the National Health Survey (NHS), a statistical operation of the Ministry of Health, Consumer Affairs and Social Welfare, which it carries out in collaboration with the INE.

    The statistics include objective and subjective measures of quality of life. The subjective measures are based on questions answered by individuals about satisfaction in relation to different aspects of their life (Module on well-being 2013 and 2018 – LCS) or about their self-perceived health status (NHS, LCS). The objective measures refer to material conditions, work, education, leisure time, etc.

  • 18.2Frequency of data collection

    The publication is updated annually according to the INE publications calendar.

    Once the corresponding source of statistical information has been published, we proceed to update the indicators and review the national and European statistical information, as well as the most recent publications on quality of life that can add relevant information to each indicator.

  • 18.3Data collection

    It is a summary publication and the data collection corresponds to that of the different surveys and statistics that serve as sources of information for the indicators.

    Once the corresponding statistical source of information has been published, an update of the indicators is carried out. We also proceed to the revision of national and European statistical information, as well as the most recent publications on quality of life indicators that can add information of interest to each indicator.

  • 18.4Data validation

    The validation is carried out by the reporting sources which are official statistics.

  • 18.5Data compilation

    The compilation of data is carried out once the different surveys and statistics that serve as sources of information for the indicators have been published.

  • 18.6Adjustment

    It is not carried out as it is a compilation and selection of final statistical tables.

• 19Comment
  • 19.1Comment