Statistics on Lawsuits in Urban Leases

• 1. Contact

  • 1.1. Contact organisation

    • National Statistics Institute of Spain

  • 1.5. Contact mail address

    • Avenida de Manoteras 50-52 - 28050 Madrid

• 2. Metadata update

  • 2.1. Metadata last certified

    • 22/11/2022

  • 2.2. Metadata last posted

    • 09/06/2021

  • 2.3. Metadata last update

    • 22/11/2022

• 3. Statistical presentation

  • 3.1. Data description

    • The Statistics on Lawsuits in Urban Leases provides annual data on legal disputes regarding urban leases. It provides data of decrees and judgements solving said procedures. The information source of the statistics is bulletins filled in by the courts themselves regarding legal procedures solved during the year. The main characteristics that are investigated are the number of decrees and the number of judgements on legal disputes regarding leases. As classification variables, we analyse the reason for the claim, the judgement declaration and the use of the building subject for lease (whether it is an usual dwelling or it has another use).

  • 3.2. Classification system
    • • Causa de litigio

        • 1   Falta de pago de la renta o de cantidades que se asimilan (incluido finanzas) 2   Subarriendo o cesión inconsentidos 3   Realización de actividades molestas, insalubres o peligrosas 4   No uso como vivienda permanente 5   Realización de daños u obras no consentidas 6   Denegación de prórroga O   Otros

      • Comunidades y Ciudades Autónomas

        • 01   Andalucía 02   Aragón 03   Asturias, Principado de 04   Balears, Illes 05   Canarias 06   Cantabria 07   Castilla y León 08   Castilla - La Mancha 09   Cataluña 10   Comunitat Valenciana 11   Extremadura 12   Galicia 13   Madrid, Comunidad de 14   Murcia, Región de 15   Navarra, Comunidad Foral de 16   País Vasco 17   Rioja, La 18   Ceuta 19   Melilla

      • Dictamen del decreto

        • 1   Terminación por entrega de la posesión 2   Terminación por enervación 3   Terminación por archivo de la demanda

      • Pronunciamiento

        • 1   Demanda estimada totalmente 2   Demanda estimada parcialmente 3   Demanda desestimada

      • Provincias

        • 02   Albacete 03   Alicante/Alacant 04   Almería 01   Araba/Álava 33   Asturias 05   Ávila 06   Badajoz 07   Balears, Illes 08   Barcelona 48   Bizkaia 09   Burgos 10   Cáceres 11   Cádiz 39   Cantabria 12   Castellón/Castelló 13   Ciudad Real 14   Córdoba 15   Coruña, A 16   Cuenca 20   Gipuzkoa 17   Girona 18   Granada 19   Guadalajara 21   Huelva 22   Huesca 23   Jaén 24   León 25   Lleida 27   Lugo 28   Madrid 29   Málaga 30   Murcia 31   Navarra 32   Ourense 34   Palencia 35   Palmas, Las 36   Pontevedra 26   Rioja, La 37   Salamanca 38   Santa Cruz de Tenerife 40   Segovia 41   Sevilla 42   Soria 43   Tarragona 44   Teruel 45   Toledo 46   Valencia/València 47   Valladolid 49   Zamora 50   Zaragoza 51   Ceuta 52   Melilla

      • Tipo de arrendamiento

        • 1   De vivienda 2   Para uso distinto de la vivienda

  • 3.3. Sector coverage

    • The statistics cover all courts solving legal disputes regarding urban leases in the Spanish territory.

  • 3.4. Statistical concepts and definitions
    • • Decree

        • Order handed down by the legal secretary with the purpose of ending the proceedings over which it has exclusive jurisdiction, when it is necessary and convenient to reason his/her decision. The decree will always be reasoned and will outline, in separate numbered paragraphs, the background facts and the legal grounds on which it is based. By their content (ruling): - Termination by delivery of property. - Termination by rent payment. - Termination by lawsuit filed.

      • Judgment

        • The judgment is a resolution passed by a judge or a court which ultimately decides the lawsuit or cause in any instance or appeal, or when, in accordance with procedural law, they must take this form. In civil law the judgment declares or recognises the rights of one of the parties, or states who is right, forcing the other to accept and comply with it. In criminal law, judgment acquits or sentences the accused, passing the corresponding sentences.

      • Urban leasing

        • This is the leasing carried out on urban properties, whether intended for housing or for uses other than housing

      • Urban leasing for use other than housing

        • Those leases that are over a building, where its primary purpose is other than that of satisfy the lessee's permanent need for housing, are regarded as leasing for use other than housing. In particular, leases of urban buildings by season (summer or any other) and by the performing therein of an industrial, commercial, craft, professional, recreational, aid, cultural or teaching activity, whoever the persons concerned, are considered.

      • Urban leasing of housing

        • That which is carried out over an inhabitable building whose main purpose is to meet the permanent housing needs of the lessee. This also includes the furniture, storage rooms, parking spaces and any other dependencies, spaces leased or services granted as accessories of the property, by the lessor.

  • 3.5. Statistical unit

    • Decrees and judgements over of Urban Leases

  • 3.6. Statistical population

    • The statistical population is constituted by all judgements over proceedings regarding urban leases whose case was determined by a sentence or decree, and which have been stated by a court during the reference year.

  • 3.7. Reference area

    • The statistics cover the whole of the national territory.

      National, autonomous and provincial information is provided.

  • 3.8. Time coverage

    • These statistics are carried out every year.

      Data are available since 1998.

      This statistical operation was stopped by the INE in the year 2020, with the publication of the annual reference period 2020. Its elaboration from that moment on was assumed by the Ministry of Justice

  • 3.9. Base period

    • There is not a proper base period, as it is a long-term survey. The last methodological change was carried out in 2012, which is the reference year for comparisons.

• 4. Unit of measure

  • 4.1. Unit of measure

    • Number of resolutions and decrees.

• 5. Reference period

  • 5.1. Reference period

    • The reference period is the calendar year.

      Data referred to the period: Anual A: 2020

• 6. Institutional mandate

  • 6.1. Legal acts and other agreements

    • The compilation and dissemination of the data are governed by the Statistical Law No. 12/1989 "Public Statistical Function" of May 9, 1989, and Law No. 4/1990 of June 29 on “National Budget of State for the year 1990" amended by Law No. 13/1996 "Fiscal, administrative and social measures" of December 30, 1996, makes compulsory all statistics included in the National Statistics Plan. The National Statistical Plan 2009-2012 was approved by the Royal Decree 1663/2008. It contains the statistics that must be developed in the four year period by the State General Administration's services or any other entity dependent on it. All statistics included in the National Statistics Plan are statistics for state purposes and are obligatory. The National Statistics Plan 2021-2024, approved by Royal Decree 1110/2020, of 15  December, is the Plan currently implemented. This statistical operation has governmental purposes, and it is included in the National Statistics Plan 2021-2024. (Statistics of the State Administration).

      This statistical operation is carried out by the National Statistics Institute as established in the agreement signed by the INE and the General Council of the Judiciary Branch on 14th February 1995, and later addendums.

  • 6.2. Data sharing

    • The exchanges of information needed to elaborate statistics between the INE and the rest of the State statistical offices (Ministerial Departments, independent bodies and administrative bodies depending on the State General Administration), or between these offices and the Autonomic statistical offices, are regulated in the LFEP (Law of the Public Statistic Function). This law also regulates the mechanisms of statistical coordination, and concludes cooperation agreements between the different offices when necessary.

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• 7. Confidentiality

  • 7.1. Confidentiality - policy

    • The Statistical Law No. 12/1989 specifies that the INE cannot publish, or make otherwise available, individual data or statistics that would enable the identification of data for any individual person or entity. Regulation (EC) No 223/2009 on European statistics stipulates the need to establish common principles and guidelines ensuring the confidentiality of data used for the production of European statistics and the access to those confidential data with due account for technical developments and the requirements of users in a democratic society

  • 7.2. Confidentiality - data treatment

    • INE provides information on the protection of confidentiality at all stages of the statistical process: INE questionnaires for the operations in the national statistical plan include a legal clause protecting data under statistical confidentiality. Notices prior to data collection announcing a statistical operation notify respondents that data are subject to statistical confidentiality at all stages. For data processing, INE employees have available the INE data protection handbook, which specifies the steps that should be taken at each stage of processing to ensure reporting units' individual data are protected. The microdata files provided to users are anonymised.

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• 8. Release policy

  • 8.1. Release calendar

    • The advance release calendar that shows the precise release dates for the coming year is disseminated in the last quarter of each year.

  • 8.2. Release calendar access
    • The calendar is disseminated on the INEs Internet website (Publications Calendar)
  • 8.3. User access
    • The data are released simultaneously according to the advance release calendar to all interested parties by issuing the press release. At the same time, the data are posted on the INE's Internet website (www.ine.es/en) almost immediately after the press release is issued. Also some predefined tailor-made requests are sent to registered users. Some users could receive partial information under embargo as it is publicly described in the European Statistics Code of Practice

• 9. Frequency of dissemination

  • 9.1. Frequency of dissemination

    • The results of the Statistics on Lawsuits in Urban Leases are released every year.

• 10. Accessibility and clarity

  • 10.1. News release
    • The results of the statistical operations are normally disseminated by using press releases that can be accessed via both the corresponding menu and the Press Releases Section in the web
  • 10.2. Publications

    • All the information related to the Statistics on Lawsuits in Urban Leases is published in the INE website:

      https://www.ine.es/dyngs/INEbase/en/operacion.htm?c=Estadistica_C&cid=1254736176796&menu=publi&idp=1254735573206

  • 10.3. On-line database

    • INEbase is the system the INE uses to store statistical information on the Internet. It contains all the information the INE produces in electronic formats. The primary organisation of the information follows the theme-based classification of the Inventory of Statistical Operations of the State General Administration . The basic unit of INEbase is the statistical operation, defined as the set of activities that lead to obtaining statistical results on a determined sector or subject based on the individually collected data. Also included in the scope of this definition are synthesis preparation.

      The results are available at the INE website. https://www.ine.es/dyngs/INEbase/en/operacion.htm?c=Estadistica_C&cid=1254736176796&menu=resultados&idp=1254735573206 The publication is divided into 3 groups of tables: National results, Results by Autonomous City and Community and Results by province.

  • 10.4. Micro-data access
    • A lot of statistical operations disseminate public domain anonymized files, available free of charge for downloading in the INE website Microdata Section

      No microdata sets are available to users.

  • 10.5. Other

    • There is the possibility of requesting customised information (protecting always statistical secrecy) to the INE user assistance service. For further information check the following link: https://www.ine.es/infoine/?L=1

  • 10.6. Documentation on methodology

    • The methodology is available on the INE website:

      https://www.ine.es/dyngs/INEbase/en/operacion.htm?c=Estadistica_C&cid=1254736176796&menu=metodologia&idp=1254735573206

      Likewise, this standardised methodological report constitutes a detailed source of information on several of the methodological aspects of the statistics.

      Metadata completeness - rate AC3= 100%

  • 10.7. Quality documentation

    • Sections 10.6 to 17 of this standardized methodological report contain the different quality aspects associated with these statistics.

• 11. Quality management

  • 11.1. Quality assurance

    • Quality assurance framework for the INE statistics is based on the ESSCoP, the European Statistics Code of Practice made by EUROSTAT. The ESSCoP is made up of 16 principles, gathered in three areas: Institutional Environment, Processes and Products. Each principle is associated with some indicators which make possible to measure it. In order to evaluate quality, EUROSTAT provides different tools: the indicators mentioned above, Self-assessment based on the DESAP model, peer review, user satisfaction surveys and other proceedings for evaluation.

      As regards collected information, there are internal automatic controls of the computer application designed for collecting information, which contribute to guaranteeing the quality of its content. Furthermore, there are year-on-year controls and comparisons of the collected information with the purpose of assessing its coverage and quality and, if necessary, improving the available information. We also carry out comparative studies with external information sources, with the aim of detecting potential coverage lacks or data failures.

      In order to guarantee the reliability of the statistics, the possible coverage and content errors that could affect the quality of the information are detected and analysed during the annual processing of the statistics.

  • 11.2. Quality assessment

    • The main strength: the legal grounds for these statistics constitutes the main element or tool for the design of their quality framework. Therefore, it is compulsory for courts to deliver to the INE the information they are requested.

      The main improvement: try to achieve 100% answers.

• 12. Relevance

  • 12.1. User needs

    • The main users of these statistics are :- Ministries and other public bodies. (Ministry of Justice and General Council of the Judiciary Branch)- Researchers and Universities (Faculties and Departments of Law and Social Sciences).- Territorial administrations (Autonomous Communities, municipal councils...)- Companies and non-profit institutions. (in particular those related to municipal councils).- Individuals

  • 12.2. User satisfaction

    • The INE has carried out general user satisfaction surveys in 2007, 2010, 2013,  2016 and 2019 and it plans to continue doing so every three years. The purpose of these surveys is to find out what users think about the quality of the information of the INE statistics and the extent to which their needs of information are covered. In addition, additional surveys are carried out in order to acknowledge better other fields such as dissemination of the information, quality of some publications...

      On the INE website, in its section Methods and Projects / Quality and Code of Practice / INE quality management / User surveys are available surveys conducted to date.(Click  next link)

       

      User Satisfaction Surveys can be consulted on the website of INE in the category of: Methods and Projects -> Quality in the INE and Code of Practice -> INE Quality Management -> User surveys , where you can see the valuation of the sector "Society: Education, Culture, Health, Justice " which is framed in this statistical operation, which can orient to the opinion of users on it.

  • 12.3. Completeness

    • Even if no european regulations, the Statistics on Lawsuits in Urban Leases supply requested information in the National Statistical Plan.

      Therefore,  data completeness - rate R1= 100%

• 13. Accuracy and reliability

  • 13.1. Overall accuracy

    • These statistics are exhaustive, therefore there are no sampling errors. With respect to non-sampling errors, the necessary studies and controls are carried out in order to assess them and restrict their magnitude.

  • 13.2. Sampling error

    • This concept is not applicable for it is an exhaustive research.

      Sampling error - indicators A1= Not applicable.

  • 13.3. Non-sampling error

    • During information processing, non-sampling errors (non response, errors of completion, etc.) are detected and restricted where possible. In any case, the fact that it is compulsory for Courts to notify the INE the information regarding civil and criminal matters implies an additional guarantee of the authenticity and integrity of the data provided. The electronic questionnaire web allows a significant reduction of errors in recording and enables the consistency of the information (consistency of totals and disaggregated). Non response is corrected with information from statistics of the General Council of the Judiciary Branch.

      Over-coverage - rate A2= 0.63% Common units - proportion A3= not applicable Unit non-response - rate A4= 50.45% Item non-response - rate A5= 0% Imputation - rate A7= 0%.

       

• 14. Timeliness and punctuality

  • 14.1. Timeliness

    • The results of the statistics are published before 6 months after the reference period of the information has finalised.

      Time lag - first results TP1= Not applicable Time lag - final results TP2= 6m

  • 14.2. Punctuality

    • The dissemination of the results is carried out in accordance with the structural statistics availability calendar that the INE compiles and publishes each year.

      Punctuality - delivery and publication TP3= The calendar is fulfilled

• 15. Coherence and Comparability

  • 15.1. Comparability - geographical

    • The availability of a methodology, a source of information and a common processing in the entire geographical scope, guarantees comparability of results between the different provinces and Autonomous Communities.Comparability with the remaining countries of the European Union is not guaranteed as these statistics are not subject for a community regulation.

  • 15.2. Comparability - over time

    • A temporal comparability of the information can be made for the 1998-2011 period. Results from 2012 on are not directly comparable with those of previous years as a consequence of the legislative changes implemented on urban leases (finalisation of proceedings by means of a decree) and the methodological improvements included in the estimation processes.

      Therefore, the number of comparable elements in the temporary series since the reference date is 9.

      Length of comparable time series CC2= 9

  • 15.3. Coherence - cross domain

    • There are other information sources (Statistics of the General Council of the Judiciary Branch) regarding this subject, although the variables and concepts do not coincide completely.

  • 15.4. Coherence - internal

    • The internal coherence of the statistics is a consequence of the application of a set of methodological criteria and a detailed analysis of the possible inconsistencies existing among its different variables.

• 16. Cost and burden

  • 16.1. Cost and burden

    • The estimate of the budgetary credit necessary to finance these statistics, as set out in the 2021 Annual Programme, comes to a total of 0.00 thousand euros From 2021, reference year, this statistic is made by General Council of the Judiciary.

• 17. Data revision

  • 17.1. Data revision - policy

    • The INE of Spain has a policy which regulates the basic aspects of statistical data revision, seeking to ensure process transparency and product quality. This policy is laid out in the document approved by the INE board of directors on 13 March of 2015, which is available on the INE website, in the section "Methods and projects/Quality and Code of Practice/INE’s Quality management/INE’s Revision policy" (link).

      This general policy sets the criteria that the different type of revisions should follow:  routine revision- it is the case of statistics whose production process includes regular revisions-; more extensive revision- when methodological or basic reference source changes take place-; and exceptional revision- for instance, when an error appears in a published statistic-.

      The data provided are final.

  • 17.2. Data revision - practice

    • Not applicable data review in practice, since there is no progress nor interim results.

      Average revision rate A6-MAR= Not applicable Average revision rate A6-RMAR= Not applicable

• 18. Statistical processing

  • 18.1. Source data

    • The source data for these statistics are obtained from the collection via online questionnaire of the information provided by the Courts themselves.

  • 18.2. Frequency of data collection

    • Data is obtained annually.

  • 18.3. Data collection

    • Data collection is carried out via an online computer application that enables information collection and centralises processes of management with collection units and dowload record files.The online electronic questionnaire includes automatic filtering controls in order to avoid potential inconsistencies.

  • 18.4. Data validation

    • Once the record file is downloaded, a control process is carried out to ascertain the coverage of the information and its contents are analysed, with the objective of detecting possible inconsistencies. Non-response is estimated and correct at provincial level.

  • 18.5. Data compilation

    • Once validity of the received file is verified, its coverage is analysed, and the potential inconsistencias and other content errors are investigated, we obtain the first result tables. Before its dissemination, we analyse the aggregate information in order to detect potential errors or inconsistencies that had not been corrected in previous stages.

  • 18.6. Adjustment

    • No adjustment is made.

• 19. Comment

  • 19.1. Comment

    • .